ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Immunomodulatory Effects of Genetic Alterations Affecting the Kynurenine Pathway.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase may be a potential prognostic biomarker and immunotherapy target in cancer: A meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Exploring the Etiological Links behind Neurodegenerative Diseases: Inflammatory Cytokines and Bioactive Kynurenines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Cell Signaling by Tryptophan Catabolism.Biochemistry · 2026Review
- Revealing Metabolic Reprogramming Genes as Biomarkers of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Bioinformatics Study Based on Ensemble Learning Approach and Single Cell RNA Sequencing.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Interaction of Hypoxia and Kynurenine Pathway in Periodontal Inflammation.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2026Article
- Assessment of Kynurenine Pathway Enzyme Activity in Ocular Diseases: Associations with Cataract, Diabetes, Glaucoma, and Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Kynurenine Pathway in Epilepsy: Unraveling Its Role in Glutamate Excitotoxicity, GABAergic Dysregulation, Neuroinflammation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.Neurotoxicity research · 2025Review
- Relationship between vitamin B6 intake and thyroid function in US adults: NHANES 2007-2012 results.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Complex World of Kynurenic Acid: Reflections on Biological Issues and Therapeutic Strategy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Kynurenic Acid/AhR Signaling at the Junction of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Alteration in kynurenine pathway metabolites in young women with autoimmune thyroiditis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Kynurenines, Neuronal Excitotoxicity, and Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress: Role of the Intestinal Flora.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Serum metabolomic signatures of patients with rare neurogenetic diseases: an insight into potential biomarkers and treatment targets.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Kynurenic Acid: A Novel Player in Cardioprotection against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injuries.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in immunomodulation and cancer metastasis.Cancer medicine · 2023Review
- Review
- HtrA3: a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.PeerJ · 2023Article
- Metabolic fingerprinting of systemic sclerosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several enzymes and metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (KP) have immunomodulatory effects. Modulation of the activities and levels of these molecules might be of particular importance under disease conditions when the amelioration of overreacting immune responses is desired. Results obtained by the use of animal and tissue culture models indicate that by eliminating or decreasing activities of key enzymes of the KP, a beneficial shift in disease outcome can be attained. This review summarizes experimental data of models in which IDO, TDO, or KMO activity modulation was achieved by interventions affecting enzyme production at a genomic level. Elimination of IDO activity was found to improve the outcome of sepsis, certain viral infections, chronic inflammation linked to diabetes, obesity, aorta aneurysm formation, and in anti-tumoral processes. Similarly, lack of TDO activity was advantageous in the case of anti-tumoral immunity, while KMO inhibition was found to be beneficial against microorganisms and in the combat against tumors, as well. On the other hand, the complex interplay among KP metabolites and immune function in some cases requires an increase in a particular enzyme activity for the desired immune response modulation, as was shown by the exacerbation of liver fibrosis due to the elimination of IDO activity and the detrimental effects of TDO inhibition in a mouse model of autoimmune gastritis. The relevance of these studies concerning possible human applications are discussed and highlighted. Finally, a brief overview is presented on naturally occurring genetic variants affecting immune functions
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