ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Memory-Like Inflammatory Responses of Microglia to Rising Doses of LPS: Key Role of PI3Kγ.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Gut-Immune-Brain Axis in Aging: Integrating Immunosenescence, Inflammaging, and Neuroinflammation for Precision Medicine.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- LPS and β-Glucan Induce Differential Memory-like Inflammatory Responses with Enhanced Reactivity in Neonatal Neutrophils Compared to Adults.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Lipid metabolism and neurodegeneration: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic targets.Ageing research reviews · 2026Review
- Impact of prenatal LPS on sepsis-related neurobiological outcomes.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Microglial Innate Immune Memory: Implications and Research Advances in Central Nervous System Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Depletion of Neonatal Neutrophilic Cells Worsens the Outcome of E. coli Sepsis in Newborn Mice.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Microglial epigenetic memory is associated with accelerated resolution of inflammatory pain induced by prophylactic macrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Innate Immune Tolerance Regulates Microglia Response to Aβ Oligomers.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Article
- Interactions between Innate Immune Memory and the Central Nervous System.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Review
- Microglial Epigenetic Memory is Associated with Accelerated Resolution of Inflammatory Pain Induced by Prophylactic Macrophage-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Gut-derived small extracellular vesicles support trained innate immune tolerance in murine microglial cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Structure matters: commensalFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Deciphering the immunomodulatory cross-talk: Bacterial extracellular vesicles in gut homeostasis.Virulence · 2025Review
- Hypoxia Supports LPS-Driven Tolerance and Functional Activation in BV-2 Microglial Cells.Biology · 2025Article
- A co-culture system to study the effects of Poly I:C-activated microglia on the differentiation of murine primary neural stem cells.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Anti-inflammatory Potential of JN-KI3: The Therapeutic Role of PI3Kγ-Selective Inhibitors in Asthma Treatment.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Potential roles for microglia in drug addiction: Adolescent neurodevelopment and beyond.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2025Review
- The Inhibition of Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain (BET) Proteins Protects Against Microglia-Mediated Neuronal Loss In Vitro.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Oral and transdermal administration of lipopolysaccharide safely enhances self-healing ability through the macrophage network.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trained immunity and immune tolerance have been identified as long-term response patterns of the innate immune system. The causes of these opposing reactions remain elusive. Here, we report about differential inflammatory responses of microglial cells derived from neonatal mouse brain to increasing doses of the endotoxin LPS. Prolonged priming with ultra-low LPS doses provokes trained immunity, i.e., increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators in comparison to the unprimed control. In contrast, priming with high doses of LPS induces immune tolerance, implying decreased production of inflammatory mediators and pronounced release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Investigation of the signaling processes and cell functions involved in these memory-like immune responses reveals the essential role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ), one of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase species highly expressed in innate immune cells. Together, our data suggest profound influence of preceding contacts with pathogens on the immune response of microglia. The impact of these interactions-trained immunity or immune tolerance-appears to be shaped by pathogen dose.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.