ArticleNature communications2019
Lipid order and charge protect killer T cells from accidental death.
Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell surface remodeling caused by the loss of the flippase subunit TMEM30A in immune cells.Journal of cell science · 2026Article
- Differential perforin sensitivity drives lineage-dependent resistance to CAR T-cell killing in blood cancer cell lines.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Plasma membrane order maps functional diversity in immune cells.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- LIM and SH3 protein 1 deficiency confers resistance to cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated lysis and immunotherapy in gastric cancer by disrupting cytoskeleton dynamics.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- CD300ld on pathologically activated neutrophils promotes tumor immune suppression by binding phosphatidylserine on CD8Nature cancer · 2026Article
- Studying Macromolecular Composition in Cell-Cell Interfaces Using 3D Membrane Reconstitution Systems.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Disrupting membranes, controlling cell fate: the role of pore-forming proteins in cell death and therapy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Review
- Mechanoregulation of lymphocyte cytotoxicity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Immunological synapse: structures, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications in disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Insights into the Protein-Lipid Interaction of Perivitellin-2, an Unusual Snail Pore-Forming Toxin.Toxins · 2025Article
- The Cholesterol Paradox in Long-Livers from a Sardinia Longevity Hot Spot (Blue Zone).Nutrients · 2025Article
- Neonatal-onset familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report with genetic confirmation of PRF1 mutations.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Microtubule regulation in cancer cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- VISION - an open-source software for automated multi-dimensional image analysis of cellular biophysics.Journal of cell science · 2024Article
- ACSL4-mediated lipid rafts prevent membrane rupture and inhibit immunogenic cell death in melanoma.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Targeting endocytosis to sensitize cancer cells to programmed cell death.Biochemical Society transactions · 2024Review
- Visible Light Control over the Cytolytic Activity of a Toxic Pore-Forming Protein.ACS chemical biology · 2024Article
- Cell softness renders cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T leukemic cells resistant to perforin-mediated killing.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Automated detection of apoptotic bodies and cells in label-free time-lapse high-throughput video microscopy using deep convolutional neural networks.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Glucocorticoids increase tissue cell protection against pore-forming toxins from pathogenic bacteria.Communications biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Killer T cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CTLs) maintain immune homoeostasis by eliminating virus-infected and cancerous cells. CTLs achieve this by forming an immunological synapse with their targets and secreting a pore-forming protein (perforin) and pro-apoptotic serine proteases (granzymes) into the synaptic cleft. Although the CTL and the target cell are both exposed to perforin within the synapse, only the target cell membrane is disrupted, while the CTL is invariably spared. How CTLs escape unscathed remains a mystery. Here, we report that CTLs achieve this via two protective properties of their plasma membrane within the synapse: high lipid order repels perforin and, in addition, exposed phosphatidylserine sequesters and inactivates perforin. The resulting resistance of CTLs to perforin explains their ability to kill target cells in rapid succession and to survive these encounters. Furthermore, these mechanisms imply an unsuspected role for plasma membrane organization in protecting cells from immune attack.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.