ReviewBiology of sex differences2019
The influence of biological sex and sex hormones on bile acid synthesis and cholesterol homeostasis.
Review in Biology of sex differences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacological Mechanisms of Bile Acids Targeting the Farnesoid X Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Bile Acids Transporters of Enterohepatic Circulation for Targeted Drug Delivery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Pooled it
- Guidelines for in vivo mouse models of myocardial infarction.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2021Guideline
- Impact of chronic consumption of probiotics, oats, and apples on expression of genes related to bile acids, lipid, gut peptides, and inflammation in peripheral monocular cells - findings from the CABALA study.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Strain-resolved analysis in a randomized trial of antibiotic pretreatment and maintenance dose delivery mode with fecal microbiota transplant for ulcerative colitis.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Pleiotropic roles of microbial bile acid metabolism in intestinal health and diseases.Cell host & microbe · 2026Review
- Sympathetic activation links light exposure and rest-activity rhythm to liver injury and bile acid dysregulation.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota restricts intestinal lipid uptake via modulation of bile phosphatidylcholine metabolism in mice.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Secondary bile acid production by gut bacteria promotes Western diet-associated colorectal cancer.Gut · 2026Article
- Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals regulatory mechanisms of bile acids on lipid metabolism inAnimal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Article
- Effects of regular consumption of a β-glucan-rich oyster mushroom powder on cholesterol metabolism in adults with moderately elevated LDL-cholesterol concentrations: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.Nutrition & metabolism · 2026Article
- Obesity and insulin resistance trigger the early onset of adolescent-like sexually dimorphic metabotypes in middle childhood.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Targeting cholesterol-driven immunometabolism in cancer: from molecular circuits to clinical translation.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Proteome-scale autoantibody profiling in PSC: Associations with clinical phenotypes and evidence for neuroendocrine deregulations.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Sex-dependent locus coeruleus vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease: gut dysbiosis as a driver and probiotic intervention as rescue.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Offspring BMI and lipid profiles following assisted reproductive technology: a comparative study of underweight and normal-weight mothers.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis in endometriosis: mechanistic insights and gut microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Effects of letrozole supplementation on growth performance, plasma hormones, and plasma metabolites in weaned female lambs of Turpan black sheep.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Microbial transformation of secondary bile acids: roles in gut ecology and autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Myeloid Fmr1 deficiency in mice results in reduced serum cholesterol and altered bile pathway gene expression.PloS one · 2026Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Obesity and elevated serum lipids are associated with a threefold increase in the risk of developing atherosclerosis, a condition that underlies stroke, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Strategies that aim to reduce serum cholesterol through modulation of liver enzymes have been successful in decreasing the risk of developing atherosclerosis and reducing mortality. Statins, which inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver, are considered among the most successful compounds developed for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, recent debate surrounding their effectiveness and safety prompts consideration of alternative cholesterol-lowering therapies, including increasing cholesterol catabolism through bile acid (BA) synthesis. Targeting the enzymes that convert cholesterol to BAs represents a promising alternative to other cholesterol-lowering approaches that treat atherosclerosis as well as fatty liver diseases and diabetes mellitus. Compounds that modify the activity of these pathways have been developed; however, there remains a lack of consideration of biological sex. This is necessary in light of strong evidence for sexual dimorphisms not only in the incidence and progression of the diseases they influence but also in the expression and activity of the proteins affected and in the manner in which men and women respond to drugs that modify lipid handling in the liver. A thorough understanding of the enzymes involved in cholesterol catabolism and modulation by biological sex is necessary to maximize their therapeutic potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.