SynthesisBMC medical education2019
Educational roles as a continuum of mentoring's role in medicine - a systematic review and thematic analysis of educational studies from 2000 to 2018.
Synthesis in BMC medical education, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coaching in undergraduate and graduate medical education: a scoping review of success factors, barriers, and outcomes.Medical education online · 2026Article
- Facilitators' perspectives on a pre-matriculation program in basic biomedical sciences for medical students: a qualitative study.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Mentorship as a secure base: an attachment and mentalizing perspective on academic development.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- A systematic scoping review of mentor training in medical education between 2000 and 2024.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- The impact of mentoring relationships on professional identity formation in medical education: a systematic review.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Transitioning from Teaching to Mentoring in Medical Sciences.The Indian journal of radiology & imaging · 2025Article
- Medical students' perception of supervision in MedUniVienna's structured internal medicine and surgery clerkship program: Subject-specific differences and clerkship sequence effects.GMS journal for medical education · 2025Article
- An Experiential Approach to Training Medical Faculty to Coach: "The Total Experience was Much More Than the Sum of Its Parts".Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2024Article
- A systematic scoping review of mentoring support on professional identity formation.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Peer mentorship and professional identity formation: an ecological systems perspective.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- A modified Delphi approach to nurturing professionalism in postgraduate medical education in Singapore.Singapore medical journal · 2024Article
- Education Research: Educational Outcomes Associated With the Introduction of a Neurohospitalist Program.Neurology. Education · 2024Article
- Breaking the Glass Ceiling: A Multiregional Study of Mentorship and Leadership in All-Women Surgical Teams.Journal of healthcare leadership · 2024Article
- Long-term mentoring relationships in undergraduate longitudinal general practice tracks - a qualitative study on the perspective of students and general practitioners.Medical education online · 2023Article
- Assessing the effects of a mentoring program on professional identity formation.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- Professional identity formation amongst peer-mentors in a research-based mentoring programme.BMC medical education · 2023Review
- Who should be a medical educator? Beyond knowledge and experience.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Cross-Cultural Mentorship in Military Family Medicine: Defining the Problem.Family medicine · 2023Article
- Physician-patient boundaries in palliative care.BMC palliative care · 2023Article
- Role modelling in professional identity formation: a systematic scoping review.BMC medical education · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecent studies have gone to great lengths to differentiate mentoring from teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision in efforts to better understand mentoring processes. This review seeks to evaluate the notion that teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision may in fact all be part of the mentoring process. To evaluate this theory, this review scrutinizes current literature on teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision to evaluate their commonalities with prevailing concepts of novice mentoring.
methodsA three staged approach is adopted to evaluate this premise. Stage one involves four systematic reviews on one-to-one learning interactions in teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision within Internal Medicine, published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2018. Braun and Clarke's (2006) approach to thematic analysis was used to identify key elements within these approaches and facilitate comparisons between them. Stage two provides an updated view of one-to-one mentoring between a senior physician and a medical student or junior doctor to contextualise the discussion. Stage three infuses mentoring into the findings delineated in stage one.
resultsSeventeen thousand four hundred ninety-nine citations were reviewed, 235 full-text articles were reviewed, and 104 articles were thematically analysed. Four themes were identified - characteristics, processes, nature of relationship, and problems faced in each of the four educational roles.
conclusionsRole modelling, teaching and tutoring, coaching and supervision lie within a mentoring spectrum of increasingly structured interactions, assisted by assessments, feedback and personalised support that culminate with a mentoring approach. Still requiring validation, these findings necessitate a reconceptualization of mentoring and changes to mentor training programs and how mentoring is assessed and supported.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.