ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2019
Assessing Affective State in Laboratory Rodents to Promote Animal Welfare-What Is the Progress in Applied Refinement Research?
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Laboratory conditions matter: social housing in male and female laboratory mice in a multicenter study approach.Lab animal · 2026Article
- Brains, quacks, and boojums: a review of neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine bases of welfare and enrichment in poultry with an emphasis on the Pekin duck.Poultry science · 2026Review
- Article
- High-carotenoid orange corn diet altered serotonin and dopamine activity in the brain while heat stress altered total antioxidant capacity in a sex dependent manner in Pekin ducks.Poultry science · 2025Article
- Acetaminophen, a new tool for the refinement of the experimental infection of toxoplasmosis in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pharmacological agents and injection stress, but not social isolation, alter cognitive judgement bias in the mouse touchscreen operant chamber.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring rodent prosociality: A conceptual framework.Translational neuroscience · 2025Review
- Preening cups in duck housing are associated with an increase in central dopamine activity that suggests a negative affective state.Poultry science · 2024Article
- Assessment of quality of life and wellbeing in mouse preclinical research - A scoping review.Neuroscience applied · 2024Review
- Refining Stereotaxic Neurosurgery Techniques and Welfare Assessment for Long-Term Intracerebroventricular Device Implantation in Rodents.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Review of Rat (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Advancing the 3Rs: innovation, implementation, ethics and society.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- The impact of stress and anesthesia on animal models of infectious disease.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- Home-cage behavior is impacted by stress exposure in rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Making a case for the free exploratory paradigm: animal welfare-friendly assays that enhance heterozygosity and ecological validity.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Article
- Being friendly: paced mating for the study of physiological, behavioral, and neuroplastic changes induced by sexual behavior in females.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Review
- Non-invasive assessment of positive affective state using infra-red thermography in rats.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2023Article
- Positive Aspects of Welfare in Sheep: Current Debates and Future Opportunities.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Improving zebrafish laboratory welfare and scientific research through understanding their natural history.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
An animal's capacity to suffer is a prerequisite for any animal welfare concern, and the minimization of suffering is a key aim of refinement research. In contrast to the traditional focus on avoiding or reducing negative welfare states, modern animal welfare concepts highlight the importance of promoting positive welfare states in laboratory animals. Reliable assessments of affective states, as well as the knowledge of how to elicit positive affective states, are central to this concept. Important achievements have been made to assess pain and other negative affective states in animals in the last decades, but it is only recently that the neurobiology of positive emotions in humans and animals has been gaining more interest. Thereby, the need for promotion of positive affective states for laboratory animals is gaining more acceptance, and methods allowing the assessment of affective states in animals have been increasingly introduced. In this overview article, we present common and emerging methods to assess affective states in laboratory rodents. We focus on the implementation of these methods into applied refinement research to identify achieved progress as well as the future potential of these tools to improve animal welfare in animal-based research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.