ArticleTransplantation direct2019
A Pilot Study of Postoperative Animal Welfare as a Guidance Tool in the Development of a Kidney Autotransplantation Model With Extended Warm Ischemia.
Article in Transplantation direct, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic production of human kidney organoids for transplantation in porcine kidneys during ex vivo machine perfusion.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Machine-Learning-Based Activity Tracking for Individual Pig Monitoring in Experimental Facilities for Improved Animal Welfare in Research.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Kidney/Aorta Ratio for Renal Morphometric Determination in Swine Subjected to Acute Kidney Injury Using an Optimized Surgical Model.Comparative medicine · 2024Article
- Pre-transplant kidney quality evaluation using photoacoustic imaging during normothermic machine perfusion.Photoacoustics · 2024Article
- Reporting of 3Rs Approaches in Preclinical Animal Experimental Studies-A Nationwide Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Prolonged warm ischemia time leads to severe renal dysfunction of donation-after-cardiac death kidney grafts.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Improved Normothermic Machine Perfusion After Short Oxygenated Hypothermic Machine Perfusion of Ischemically Injured Porcine Kidneys.Transplantation direct · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This pilot study aimed to maintain acceptable animal welfare in the development of a porcine autotransplantation model with severe and incremental renal ischemic injury, a model for usage in future intervention studies. Secondary aims were to develop and test methods to collect blood and urine without the need to restrain or use sedative and avoid transportation to optimize welfare of the pig.
methodsKidneys from 7 female pigs were subjected to incremental durations of warm ischemia (WI) 30, 45, or 75 minutes by left renal artery and vein clamping. After static cold storage, contralateral nephrectomy was performed, and the injured graft was autotransplanted and animals observed for 14 days. Animal welfare was assessed and recorded using a structured scoring sheet before and 4 days after the kidney autotransplantation. Furthermore, blood samples were drawn daily the first week and every second day the following week using a semi-central venous catheter. An ostomy bag around the genitals was tested for urine collection. Measured glomerular filtration rate was calculated using renal clearance of chromium-51-labeled ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid on day 14.
resultsNone of the 7 animals died during the follow-up. The animal welfare was moderately affected when applying 75 minutes of WI (n = 2), and for that reason WI was not further increased. Pigs with lower WI had no observed welfare issues. With 75 minutes of WI peak, plasma creatinine was 1486 and 1317 µmol/L, reached on day 4. Lowest glomerular filtration rate levels were observed in the pigs with 75 minutes of WI.
conclusionsWI up to 75 minutes caused the intended severely impaired renal function without significantly compromising animal welfare. Blood and urine was collected postoperatively without sedation of the pigs or use of a metabolic cage.
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Registered trials
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