Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31772347›Full record

Trial reportScientific reports2019

Differences in high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation over the motor hotspot versus the premotor cortex on motor network excitability.

Stephanie Lefebvre, Kay Jann, Allie Schmiesing, Kaori Ito, Mayank Jog, Nicolas Schweighofer, Danny J J Wang, Sook-Lei Liew

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  6. Neural synchrony links sensorimotor cortices in a network for facial motor control.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Stephanie LefebvreNeural Plasticity and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Kay JannLaboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Allie SchmiesingNeural Plasticity and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Kaori ItoNeural Plasticity and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Mayank JogLaboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nicolas SchweighoferDivision of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Danny J J WangLaboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sook-Lei LiewNeural Plasticity and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. sliew@chan.usc.edu.

Funding

Imaging-guided tDCS therapy in major depressionR61MH110526 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI NARR, KATHERINE L, WANG, DANNY JJ · 2017 to 2018
$2.2M
A tool-box to control and enhance tDCS spatial precisionR01MH111896 · NIMH · CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK · PI BIKSON, MAROM · 2016 to 2019
$2.2M
Big Data Neuroimaging to Predict Motor Behavior After StrokeK01HD091283 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI LIEW, SOOK-LEI · 2017 to 2020
$802k
NICHD NIH HHS K01 HD091283U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01MH111896U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R61MH110526
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) placed over the motor hotspot (thought to represent the primary motor cortex (M1)) to modulate motor network excitability is highly variable. The premotor cortex-particularly the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd)-may be a promising alternative target to reliably modulate motor excitability, as it influences motor control across multiple pathways, one independent of M1 and one with direct connections to M1. This double-blind, placebo-controlled preliminary study aimed to differentially excite motor and premotor regions using high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) with concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). HD-tDCS applied over either the motor hotspot or the premotor cortex demonstrated high inter-individual variability in changes on cortical motor excitability. However, HD-tDCS over the premotor cortex led to a higher number of responders and greater changes in local fMRI-based complexity than HD-tDCS over the motor hotspot. Furthermore, an analysis of individual motor hotspot anatomical locations revealed that, in more than half of the participants, the motor hotspot is not located over anatomical M1 boundaries, despite using a canonical definition of the motor hotspot. This heterogeneity in stimulation site may contribute to the variability of tDCS results. Altogether, these preliminary findings provide new considerations to enhance tDCS reliability.

Indexed as

Functional NeuroimagingMagnetic Resonance ImagingBiological Variation, IndividualConnectomeElectromyographyEvoked Potentials, MotorHandHumansMotor CortexNerve NetPilot ProjectsReference ValuesRestTranscranial Direct Current Stimulation

Identifiers

PMID31772347
PMCPMC6879500

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.