ArticleEnvironmental analysis, health and toxicology2019
Acute toxicity of benzalkonium chloride in Balb/c mice following intratracheal instillation and oral administration.
Article in Environmental analysis, health and toxicology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential and Sex-Specific Toxicity of Aspirated Quaternary Ammonium Compounds.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Insight into didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide toxicity following acute exposure in pullets (Gallus gallusdomesticus).Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Is it time to re-evaluate exposure risks to quaternary ammonium compounds as disinfectants?Current research in microbial sciences · 2024Article
- MALDI-TOF imaging analysis of benzalkonium chloride penetration in ex vivo human skin.PloS one · 2024Article
- Toxicologic pathological mechanism of acute lung injury induced by oral administration of benzalkonium chloride in mice.Toxicological research · 2023Article
- Article
- Improved up-and-down procedure for acute toxicity measurement with reliable LDBMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2022Article
- Toxicological Assessment of Bromochlorophene: Single and Repeated-Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity, Genotoxicity, and Dermal Application in Sprague-Dawley Rats.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Development of chitosan-catechol conjugates as mucoadhesive polymer: assessment of acute oral toxicity in mice.Environmental analysis, health and toxicology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Benzalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant widely used as a disinfectant, preservative, and sanitizer in many public places as well as domestically. The purpose of this study is to compare the acute toxicity of lethal doses (LDx) and the target organs after intratracheal instillation and oral ingestion by mice, which is a preliminary test prior to the repeated dose toxicity test. When Balb/c mice were treated with a single dose of benzalkonium chloride via oral administration, LD50 was 241.7 mg/kg. However, it was comparatively decreased to 8.5 mg/kg following intratracheal treatment, which suggests that lung may be the main target of toxicity. Although the histopathology showed inflammatory responses in the lung after intratracheal instillation, it still did not confirm that the inflammatory responses were the key factors inducing death in the treated animal. Acute and fatal mechanisms such as bronchoconstriction or neurotoxicity associated with benzalkonium chloride exposure should be further investigated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.