ReviewBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2020
How deaths can help clinicians and policy-makers understand the risks of novel psychoactive substances.
Review in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review: The relationship between gabapentinoids, etizolam, and drug related deaths in Scotland.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Are new psychoactive substances driving sudden unexpected deaths and violence among youth in the European countries?Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and perception toward new psychoactive substances among Saudi university students: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Novel Synthetic Opioids (NSOs) and Their Evolving Crisis: Utilising NPSPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An Update on Deaths in the United Kingdom from 'Poppers' (Alkyl Nitrites), with a Particular Focus on 'Swallowing' Fatalities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Club Drugs and Psychiatric Outcomes: A Descriptive Case Series from Spain.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Understanding methiopropamine, a new psychoactive substance: an in-depth review on its chemistry, pharmacology and implications to human health.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Review
- Contribution of Drugs to Drowning in Scotland from 1996 to 2020.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- First Death Involving 4-Fluoroethylphenidate (4F-EPH): Case Report, User Experiences, and Review of the Related Literature.Academic forensic pathology · 2022Article
- Alprazolam-related deaths in Scotland, 2004-2020.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
- The use patterns of novel psychedelics: experiential fingerprints of substituted phenethylamines, tryptamines and lysergamides.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Deaths from novel psychoactive substances in England, Wales and Northern Ireland: Evaluating the impact of the UK psychoactive substances act 2016.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Psychoactive Substances Taken with Mephedrone and HCV Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Beyond the 'purple drank': Study of promethazine abuse according to the European Medicines Agency adverse drug reaction reports.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Suicidal Behavior and Club Drugs in Young Adults.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Application of Novel Psychoactive Substances: Chemsex and HIV/AIDS Policies Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Hong Kong.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- How deaths can help clinicians and policy-makers understand the risks of novel psychoactive substances.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Review
- The challenge of the novel psychoactive substances: How have we responded and what are the implications of this response?British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Article
- Novel Psychoactive Substances in Custodial Settings: A Mixed Method Investigation on the Experiences of People in Prison and Professionals Working With Them.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Ranking the Harm of Psychoactive Drugs Including Prescription Analgesics to Users and Others-A Perspective of German Addiction Medicine Experts.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS), especially those newly created, are largely an unknown quantity, particularly in terms of their potential serious adverse effects. This means that policy-makers and clinicians are under-informed about appropriate responses. Collation of detailed information on deaths related to NPS use can help in providing knowledge and understanding these aspects of the NPS phenomenon. The purpose of this review is to outline the role(s) which such evidence-based data can play in this respect. UK NPS-related cases demonstrate differences in definitions used by the General Mortality Registers, and differences between countries, not only in terms of the type of NPS implicated in deaths, but the number and extent of such deaths over time. NPS deaths are continuing to increase numerically and as a proportion of all drug-poisoning deaths. In order to better understand how specific molecules contribute to and/or cause death, detailed information collected by Special Mortality Registers can provide examples of substances' modes of action, adverse effects, symptomatology, treatment interventions, mechanisms of death, etc. This information can provide clinicians and policy-makers with objective information on the serious harms from such emerging molecules. Such evidence-based advice informs public health interventions, service provision and policy decisions on regulation and control of NPS. However, without reliable, accurate and complete information that is correctly collated, scientifically analysed and disseminated in a timely manner, an understanding of the phenomenon of what deaths can be ascribed to NPS, their characteristics and nature will remain unachieved, and thus limit what can be done to reduce them.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.