SynthesisJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2020
Preterm birth and mortality in adulthood: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Kidney health outcomes in children born very prematurely compared to full-term counterparts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Pooled it
- Early gestational prediction of spontaneous preterm birth using a validated three-protein serum biomarker panel.BMC medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Vaginal progesterone for preventing preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes in twin gestations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Pooled it
- Does vaginal progesterone prevent recurrent preterm birth in women with a singleton gestation and a history of spontaneous preterm birth? Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Antenatal Monthly Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine, Alone or with Azithromycin, on Gestational Weight Gain and Anemia during Pregnancy and One Month Postpartum in Malawi: A Randomized Controlled Trial Secondary Analysis.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Trial
- Aerobic Exercise Training Response in Preterm-Born Young Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure and Stage 1 Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Trial
- A decomposition analysis to evaluate the role of social, chemical, and neighborhood factors on the Black/White disparity in preterm birth in Greater Houston, Texas.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Patients in Every Practice: Health Status and Health Experiences of an International Sample of Adults Born Preterm.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2026Article
- Early Maturation of Heart Rate Variability in Very Preterm Infants Depends on Neonatal Factors and Is Associated With Neurodevelopmental Risk.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Structural and Functional Abnormalities in the Preterm Heart: From Development to Adulthood.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Review
- Smaller coronary artery size in adults born preterm.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Bibliometric analysis of reviews of outcomes for adults with a complex perinatal history.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Depression and antidepressant treatment in growing up in New Zealand: impact on preterm birth and low birth weight.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Gestational fine particulate matter exposure and perinatal outcomes in the ECHO cohort: Associations across pregnancy windows.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic characteristics of school-aged children born preterm with very low birth weight.Pediatric research · 2026Observational
- Protective factors of mental health in a premature population: a 14-year exploratory study across developmental stages.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Timing of First Cuddling After Preterm Birth Improved Over Five Decades, While Delays Were Linked to Negative Maternal Experiences.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- An evolutionary genomic perspective on preterm birth, genome editing, and pregnancy in the human species.Frontiers in genome editing · 2026Review
- Early versus delayed enteral nutrition for preterm Neonates: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Review
- Time series and factors associated with prematurity in live births in curitiba, brazil: time series analysis between the years 2000 and 2021.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Preterm birth (gestational age < 37 weeks) has a worldwide prevalence of nearly 11%, and >95% of preterm infants who receive modern neonatal and pediatric care now survive into adulthood. However, improved early survival has been accompanied by long-term increased risks of various chronic disorders, prompting investigations to determine whether preterm birth leads to higher mortality risks in adulthood. A systematic review identified eight studies with a total of 6,594,424 participants that assessed gestational age at birth in relation to all-cause or cause-specific mortality at any ages ≥18 years. All six studies that included persons born in 1967 or later reported positive associations between preterm birth and all-cause mortality in adulthood (attained ages, 18-45 years). Most adjusted relative risks ranged from 1.2 to 1.6 for preterm birth, 1.1 to 1.2 for early term birth (37-38 weeks), and 1.9 to 4.0 for extremely preterm birth (22-27 weeks), compared with full-term birth (variably defined but including 39-41 weeks). These findings appeared independent of sociodemographic, perinatal, and maternal factors (all studies), and unmeasured shared familial factors in co-sibling analyses (assessed in four studies). Four of these studies also explored cause-specific mortality and reported associations with multiple causes, including respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, and neurological. Two smaller studies based on an earlier cohort born in 1915-1929 found no clear association with all-cause mortality but positive associations with selected cause-specific mortality. The overall evidence indicates that premature birth during the past 50 years is associated with modestly increased mortality in early to mid-adulthood.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.