ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2020
Long working hours and change in body weight: analysis of individual-participant data from 19 cohort studies.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Psychosocial work exposures and health outcomes: a meta-review of 72 literature reviews with meta-analysis.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2021Pooled it
- Coping Strategies Influence Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Chronic Psychological Stress: A Post Hoc Analysis of A Randomized Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- The associations of long working hours and unhealthy diet with cardiometabolic outcomes and mortality in US workers.Preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Positive relationship between Work-to-Sleep hours Ratio and obesity: a cross-sectional study, evidence from NHANES 2017-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Weight and Lipid Levels in People Living With HIV and Initiating a Dolutegravir-Based Regimen in a Resource Limited Setting: A Prospective Study.AIDS research and treatment · 2024Article
- Rotating shift and BMI increase among healthcare workers in a military hospital: pre- and post-pandemic analysis in Taiwan.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2024Article
- Working longer hours and body weight: An Australian study using household panel data (with measures of paid and unpaid time) to provide gender-specific estimates.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Employment Factors Associated With Long Working Hours in France.Safety and health at work · 2023Article
- Impact of Reduced Working Hours and Night Work Hours on Metabolic Syndrome: A Quasi-Experimental Study.Safety and health at work · 2023Article
- The multiple roles of life stress in metabolic disorders.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Association between precarious employment and BMI in the United States.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Article
- The Risks and Consequences of Skipping Meals for Low-income Mothers.Population research and policy review · 2022Article
- Trajectories of working hours in later careers and their association with social and health-related factors: a follow-up study.European journal of public health · 2022Article
- Working Hours, Sleep Disturbance and Self-Assessed Health in Men and Women: A Multilevel Analysis of 30 Countries in Europe.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Multilevel Analysis of Urban-Rural Variations of Body Weights and Individual-Level Factors among Women of Childbearing Age in Nigeria and South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Length of exposure to long working hours and night work and risk of sickness absence: a register-based cohort study.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- A longitudinal study of working hours and chronic kidney disease in healthy workers: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study.Journal of occupational health · 2021Article
- Timing of Entry into Paid Employment, Adverse Physical Work Exposures and Health: The Young Helsinki Health Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- ESI Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Obesity In India.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
31 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the relation between long working hours and change in body mass index (BMI).
methodsWe performed random effects meta-analyses using individual-participant data from 19 cohort studies from Europe, US and Australia (n = 122,078), with a mean of 4.4-year follow-up. Working hours were measured at baseline and categorised as part time (<35 h/week), standard weekly hours (35-40 h, reference), 41-48 h, 49-54 h and ≥55 h/week (long working hours). There were four outcomes at follow-up: (1) overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m
resultsOf the 61,143 participants without overweight/obesity at baseline, 20.2% had overweight/obesity at follow-up. Compared with standard weekly working hours, the age-, sex- and socioeconomic status-adjusted relative risk (RR) of overweight/obesity was 0.95 (95% CI 0.90-1.00) for part-time work, 1.07 (1.02-1.12) for 41-48 weekly working hours, 1.09 (1.03-1.16) for 49-54 h and 1.17 (1.08-1.27) for long working hours (P for trend <0.0001). The findings were similar after multivariable adjustment and in subgroup analyses. Long working hours were associated with an excess risk of shift from normal weight to overweight rather than from overweight to obesity. Long working hours were not associated with weight loss among participants with obesity.
conclusionsThis analysis of large individual-participant data suggests a small excess risk of overweight among the healthy-weight people who work long hours.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.