ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2019
Group and Single Housing of Male Mice: Collected Experiences from Research Facilities in Sweden.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between cagemate number and risk of death in mice: a time-varying covariate analysis using Cox frailty models.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Laboratory conditions matter: social housing in male and female laboratory mice in a multicenter study approach.Lab animal · 2026Article
- Social Housing of Male CD-1 Mice (Mus musculus) in the Toxicological Setting: A 28-Day Social Compatibility Study of Male Mice following Oral Gavage of Theophylline.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Improved Memory and Lower Stress Levels in Male Mice Co-Housed with Ovariectomized Female Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Nesting behavior is associated with body weight and grip strength loss in mice suffering from experimental arthritis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Unmasking the Adverse Impacts of Sex Bias on Science and Research Animal Welfare.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- The 3Rs in Experimental Liver Disease.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- An Automated, Home-Cage, Video Monitoring-based Mouse Frailty Index Detects Age-associated Morbidity in C57BL/6 and Diversity Outbred Mice.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Individualized Housing Modifies the Immune-Endocrine System in CD1 Adult Male Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Aggression in Group-Housed Male Mice: A Systematic Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Diagnostic Ability of Methods Depicting Distress of Tumor-Bearing Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- A real-time health notification system aimed at enhancing the interaction between animal care staff and researchers promotes animal welfare.Laboratory animals · 2021Article
- Supplementation with >Your< Iron Syrup Corrects Iron Status in a Mouse Model of Diet-Induced Iron Deficiency.Biology · 2021Article
- Influence of Housing Systems on Physical, Emotional, and Cognitive Functions with Aging in DBA/2CrSlc Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animals used for scientific purposes are protected by EU legislation. Social animals should be kept in stable groups that enable species-typical social behavior and provide individuals with social comfort. However, when group-housing male mice, aggression within the homecage is a common husbandry and welfare problem. Excessive fighting and injuries due to aggression can cause pain and stress, resulting in individuals being euthanized or housed individually. In addition, stress can alter physiological parameters, risking scientific validity and generating larger sample sizes. Mouse aggression, and the consequences thereof, thus opposes the 3R goals of Refining the methods to minimize potential pain and suffering and Reducing the number of animals used. Animal technicians, veterinarians, and scientists using animals have valuable information on how these problems are experienced and handled in practice. We assembled these experiences from laboratory animal facilities in Sweden, mapping problems observed and identifying strategies used to prevent mouse aggression. In line with current literature, less aggression was perceived if mice were grouped before sexual maturity, re-grouping avoided and nesting material transferred at cage cleaning. Preventing aggression will minimize pain and suffering and enable housing of stable groups, leading to more reliable scientific outcomes and is thus of high 3Rs relevance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.