Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31764095›Full record

Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2019

HIV-1 genetic diversity to estimate time of infection and infer adherence to preexposure prophylaxis.

Olivia D Council, Susan Ruone, Philip A Mock, George Khalil, Amy Martin, Marcel E Curlin, Janet M McNicholl, Walid Heneine, Wanna Leelawiwat, Kachit Choopanya and 5 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Olivia D CouncilaLaboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA bThailand Ministry of Public Health - U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand cQuantitative Sciences and Data Management Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia dDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA eBangkok Tenofovir Study Group, Bangkok, Thailand.
Susan Ruone
Philip A Mock
George Khalil
Amy Martin
Marcel E Curlin
Janet M McNicholl
Walid Heneine
Wanna Leelawiwat
Kachit Choopanya
Suphak Vanichseni
Thitima Cherdtrakulkiat
Rapeepan Anekvorapong
Michael Martin
José Gerardo García-Lerma

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo estimate time of HIV infection in participants from the Bangkok Tenofovir Study (BTS) with daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and relate infection with adherence patterns.

designWe used the diversity structure of the virus population at the first HIV RNA-positive sample to estimate the date of infection, and mapped these estimates to medication diaries obtained under daily directly observed therapy (DOT).

methodsHIV genetic diversity was investigated in all 17 PrEP breakthrough infections and in 16 placebo recipients. We generated 10-25 HIV env sequences from each participant by single genome amplification, and calculated time since infection (and 95% confidence interval) using Poisson models of early virus evolution. Study medication diaries obtained under daily DOT were then used to compute the number of missed TDF doses at the approximate date of infection.

resultsFifteen of the 17 PrEP breakthrough infections were successfully amplified. Of these, 13 were initiated by a single genetic variant and generated reliable estimates of time since infection (median = 47 [IQR = 35] days). Eleven of these 13 were under daily DOT at the estimated time of infection. Analysis of medication diaries in these 11 participants showed 100% adherence in five, 90-95% adherence in two, 55% adherence in one, and nonadherence in three.

conclusionWe estimated time of infection in participants from BTS and found several infections when high levels of adherence to TDF were reported. Our results suggest that the biological efficacy of daily TDF against parenteral HIV exposure is not 100%.

Indexed as

Medication AdherenceAdministration, OralAnimalsAnti-HIV AgentsDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGenetic VariationHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansMacacaMalePre-Exposure ProphylaxisTenofovirAnti-HIV AgentsTenofovir

Identifiers

PMID31764095
PMCPMC11000142

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.