Trial reportInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
Examining the Factor Structure of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in a Multi-Ethnic Working Population in Singapore.
Trial report in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Psychometric evaluation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index among South African women participating in the Bukhali trial: Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Trial
- Article
- Sleep Quality and Its Sociodemographic, Behavioural, Clinical, and Regional Correlates Among Adults in Kazakhstan: A National Cross-Sectional Survey.Clocks & sleep · 2026Article
- Archetypes of Family Health Climates for Nutrition and Physical Activity Among Families in Singapore: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A chain mediation model reveals the association between social capital and successful aging in older adults.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The relationships between sleep and adiposity amongst multi-ethnic Asian populations: a cross-sectional analysis of the Health for Life in Singapore (HELIOS) study.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Article
- Examining the factor structure of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and its determinants among GI cancer patients.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Within- and Between-Person Correlates of Affect and Sleep Health Among Health Science Students.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Association between sleep quality and quality of life in Singapore.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Co-sleeping with pets, stress, and sleep in a nationally-representative sample of United States adults.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Technology and physical activity for preventing cognitive and physical decline in older adults: Protocol of a pilot RCT.PloS one · 2024Article
- Reliability and validity of the online Pittsburgh sleep quality index in college students from low-income regions.Frontiers in digital health · 2024Article
- Light exposure behaviors predict mood, memory and sleep quality.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Recreational drug use and prospective memory.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Reliability and validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index among frontline COVID-19 health care workers using classical test theory and item response theory.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Article
- Effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on perioperative anxiety and sleep quality in elderly patients with digestive tract malignancies.American journal of translational research · 2022Article
- Comparative epidemiology of gestational diabetes in ethnic Chinese from Shanghai birth cohort and growing up in Singapore towards healthy outcomes cohort.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- The effect of community nursing based on the Roy adaptation model on postpartum depression and sleep quality of parturients.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a widely used measure for assessing sleep impairment. Although it was developed as a unidimensional instrument, there is much debate that it contains multidimensional latent constructs. This study aims to investigate the dimensionality of the underlying factor structure of the PSQI in a multi-ethnic working population in Singapore. The PSQI was administered on three occasions (baseline, 3 months and 12 months) to full-time employees participating in a workplace cohort study. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) investigated the latent factor structure of the scale at each timepoint. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) evaluated the model identified by EFA, and additionally evaluated it against a single factor and a three-factor model. The EFA identified a two-factor model with similar internal consistency and goodness-of-fit across each timepoint. In the CFA, the two- and three-factor models were both superior to the unidimensional model. The two- and three-factor models of the PSQI were reliable, consistent and provided similar goodness-of-fit over time, and both models were superior to the unidimensional measure. We recommend using the two-factor model to assess sleep characteristics in working populations in Singapore, given that it performs as well as the three-factor model and is simpler compared to the latter.
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