ReviewEFORT open reviews2019
The stiff total knee arthroplasty: causes, treatment modalities and results.
Review in EFORT open reviews, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Changes in knee outcome measures following later-stage exercise interventions implemented ≤ 12 weeks vs. > 12 weeks after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of motor imagery for improving functional performance after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2022Pooled it
- Causes of stiffness after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.International orthopaedics · 2021Pooled it
- EMMATKA trial: the effects of mobilization with movement following total knee arthroplasty in women: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Trial
- Arthrofibrosis After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Biological Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatment: An International Consensus Symposium.HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2026Article
- Chronic Pain and Stiffness After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Comprehensive, Phenotype-Based Review of Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Management of stiffness after total knee arthroplasty: influence of intervention timing and surgical technique on clinical outcomes.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2026Article
- Alignment and/or ligament balancing? Towards truly personalized total knee arthroplasty-A narrative review.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Review
- Arthrogenic muscle inhibition: A prevalent issue in knee arthroplasty.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Observational
- Total knee arthroplasty for ankylosed knees in the extended position with hemophilia: a medium- and long-term single-center experience.BMC surgery · 2025Article
- Patients on Losartan Have Similar Rates of Manipulation Under Anesthesia After Total Knee Arthroplasty.Cureus · 2025Article
- Arthroscopic Arthrolysis of the Knee Joint Following Total Knee Arthroplasty.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Complications following total knee arthroplasty in patients with prior extensor mechanism dysfunction: A retrospective review.Journal of orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Posterior cruciate ligament resection increases intraoperative lateral and medial flexion laxity during total knee arthroplasty.International orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Delayed-Onset Pseudoaneurysm of the Superior Lateral Genicular Artery Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2025Article
- Linear and Volumetric Polyethylene Wear Patterns after Primary Cruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty Failure: An Analysis Using Optical Scanning and Computer-Aided Design Models.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- "Is every revision the same?" definition of complexity in knee revision surgery.International orthopaedics · 2024Article
- Postoperative Continuous Passive Motion Does Not Improve the Range of Movement Achieved After Manipulation Under Anesthetic for Stiffness in Total Knee Replacement.Arthroplasty today · 2024Article
- The Intrarater and Interrater Reliability and Validity of Universal Goniometer, Digital Inclinometer, and Smartphone Application Measuring Range of Motion in Patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2024Article
- How to manage a native stiff knee.EFORT open reviews · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is clear that the stiff total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a multifactorial entity associated with preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative factors.Management of the stiff TKA is best achieved by preventing its occurrence using strategies to control preoperative factors, avoid intraoperative technical errors and perform aggressive, painless postoperative physical medicine and rehabilitation; adequate pain control is paramount in non-invasive management.Careful attention to surgical exposure, restoring gap balance, minimizing surgical trauma to the patellar ligament/extensor mechanism, appropriate implant selection, pain control and adequate physical medicine and rehabilitation (physiotherapy, Astym therapy) all serve to reduce its incidence.For established stiff TKA, there are multiple treatment options available including mobilization under anaesthesia (MUA), arthroscopic arthrolysis, revision TKA, and combined procedures. Cite this article:
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