ArticleBMC veterinary research2019
Proinflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides up regulate MMP-3 and MMP-13 production in Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) chondrocytes: attenuation by anti-arthritic agents.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- TNFα-Related Chondrocyte Inflammation Models: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Tibetan Sheep-Derived Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Intestinal Tissue Morphology, and Intestinal Microbiota in Mice.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Osteoarthritis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Advances.MedComm · 2025Review
- Article
- Schisandra extract ameliorates arthritis pathogenesis by suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Small Molecule Inhibitors for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- PTHrP promotes subchondral bone formation in TMJ-OA.International journal of oral science · 2022Article
- First study on the effect of transforming growth factor beta 1 and insulin-like growth factor 1 on the chondrogenesis of elephant articular chondrocytes in a scaffold-based 3D culture model.Veterinary world · 2022Article
- Cartilage tissue engineering: From proinflammatory and anti‑inflammatory cytokines to osteoarthritis treatments (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2022Review
- Andrographolide, a natural anti-inflammatory agent: An Update.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Dexamethasone-loaded thermo-sensitive hydrogel attenuates osteoarthritis by protecting cartilage and providing effective pain relief.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Safflower Seed Extract Attenuates the Development of Osteoarthritis by Blocking NF-κB Signaling.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Knockdown of long non‑coding RNA AK094629 attenuates the interleukin‑1β induced expression of interleukin‑6 in synovium‑derived mesenchymal stem cells from the temporomandibular joint.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOsteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritic disease, results from destruction of joint cartilage and underlying bone. It affects animals, including Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in captivity, leading to joint pain and lameness. However, publications regarding OA pathogenesis in this animal are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and oncostatin M (OSM), known mediators of OA pathogenesis, and lipopolysaccharides on the expression of cartilaginous degrading enzymes, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13, in elephant articular chondrocytes (ELACs) cultures. Anti-arthritic drugs and the active compounds of herbal plants were tested for their potential attenuation against overproduction of these enzymes.
resultsAmong the used cytokines, OSM showed the highest activation of MMP3 and MMP13 expression, especially when combined with IL-1β. The combination of IL-1β and OSM was found to activate phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in ELACs. Lipopolysaccharides or cytokine-induced expressions were suppressed by pharmacologic agents used to treat OA, including dexamethasone, indomethacin, etoricoxib, and diacerein, and by three natural compounds, sesamin, andrographolide, and vanillylacetone.
conclusionsOur results revealed the cellular mechanisms underlying OA in elephant chondrocytes, which is triggered by proinflammatory cytokines or lipopolysaccharides and suppressed by common pharmacological or natural medications used to treat human OA. These results provide a more basic understanding of the pathogenesis of elephant OA, which could be useful for adequate medical treatment of OA in this animal.
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