ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2019
Development and validation of traditional & complementary medicine (TCM) scales for nurses: Using structural equation modelling (SEM).
Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Traditional Chinese medicine nursing competency and its correlates among clinical nurses in Guangyuan City, China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of a Nursing Students' Clinical Practice Stress Scale: A Mixed Methods Study.Nursing open · 2026Article
- Association of psychological symptoms with job burnout and occupational stress among coal miners in Xinjiang, China: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to develop and validate scales to assess attitudes towards patient' s use of TCM (APUTCM) and to measure a communicative competence in TCM (CCTCM) among nurses.
methodsThe instrument development process was conducted from Sep 2013 to Jul 2014, using the following steps: 1) item development; 2) internal review and refinement; 3) face and content validation; 4) instrument administration to a development sample; and 5) evaluation of validity and reliability. A convenience sample was used to recruit registered and advanced practice nurses who worked in different regions throughout Taiwan. A total of 755 respondents completed the online questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using the software of SPSS Version 21.0 and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) version 24.0.
resultsThe scale-level indexes (S-CVI) of content validity for both scales were over 80%. The reliabilities for the 13-item APUTCM scale and for the five-item CCTCM scale were 0.88 and 0.84, respectively. The model suitability for both scales was assessed, and the findings revealed suitable parameters for all indicators: GFI = 0.954, AGFI = 0.932, CFI = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.62, and chi-square/df = 3.891 for APUTCM; and GFI = 0.992, AGFI = 0.969, CFI = 0.992, RMSEA = 0.63, and chi-square/df = 4.04 for CCTCM. The convergent and divergent validity of scores on both scales provided evidence in the expected direction.
conclusionThis scale development study provides preliminary evidence that suggests that the 13-item APUTCM and the five-item CCTCM are reliable and valid scales for assessing attitudes toward patient's TCM use and communicative competence in TCM.
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