Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31748946›Full record

ArticlePediatric surgery international2020

Increased hand digit length ratio (2D:4D) is associated with increased severity of hypospadias in pre-pubertal boys.

Fardod O'Kelly, Keara DeCotiis, Fadi Zu'bi, Walid A Farhat, Martin A Koyle

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Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Fardod O'KellyDivision of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada. fokelly@rcsi.ie.
Keara DeCotiisDivision of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada.
Fadi Zu'biDivision of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada.
Walid A FarhatDivision of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada.
Martin A KoyleDivision of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada.
Hospital for Sick Children · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionHypospadias is a common congenital male disorder, with much research focusing on prenatal androgen exposure as a causative factor. Whilst digit length ratios were apparent in sexual dimorphism since the nineteenth century, their role in hypospadias remains unknown. The objective of our study was to determine the correlation between digit length (2D:4D) ratio, hypospadias severity, and anogenital distance.

methodsPre-pubertal boys (<3 years old) seen intra/postoperatively following hypospadias repair (June 2018-January 2019 inc.) were included. These were age-matched to non-hypospadias controls. Anthropomorphic measurements of digit lengths, penile/glans width, and anogenital distance were measured using digital calipers.

resultsData measurements were collected for 105 boys with hypospadias (60 distal; 45 proximal) and 55 controls. There were significant differences in 2D:4D ratios in each hand (p < 0.001), as well as individual digits (p < 0.001), and a reduced anogenital distance (p < 0.001), when comparing the proximal group with distal or control groups. There were no significant differences in glans width, or between term- and preterm births.

conclusionsThis study is the first to demonstrate increased 2D:4D ratios with proximal hypospadias, which also correlate with a shortened anogenital distance. This may provide a non-invasive, potentially antenatal, anthropomorphic measurement, as an indirect indicator of aberrant urogenital development.

Indexed as

Child, PreschoolFingersHumansHypospadiasInfantMalePhysical ExaminationSeverity of Illness Index2D: 4D ratioAnogenital distance (AGD)Endocrine disruptorHypospadiasMale programming window (MPW)Penile widthTesticular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS)

Identifiers

PMID31748946
OpenAlexW2989582840

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.