ArticleBMC oral health2019
Evaluation of free and total fluoride concentration in mouthwashes via measurement with ion-selective electrode.
Article in BMC oral health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Biomarkers for Monitoring the Systemic Fluoride Levels in Exposed Populations: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Fluoride intake during pregnancy: calculation of realistic exposure scenarios for individual risk assessment.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Effect of Glass Ionomer Filler Size on Fluoride Release, Antiplaque Properties, and Abrasive Effects of Toothpaste.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2025Article
- Fluoride, pH Value, and Titratable Acidity of Commercially Available Mouthwashes.International dental journal · 2024Article
- The influence of NQO2 on the dysfunctional autophagy and oxidative stress induced in the hippocampus of rats and in SH-SY5Y cells by fluoride.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Effects of Mouthwash on the Morphology and Cell Viability of Osteoblast-Like Cells.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Drug Delivery (Nano)Platforms for Oral and Dental Applications: Tissue Regeneration, Infection Control, and Cancer Management.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to compare free fluoride concentration and total fluoride concentration in mouthwashes.
methodsFluorine-containing mouthwashes from various companies and manufacturers (Colgate Total Plax Classic Mint®, Colgate-Palmolive, New York, USA; Colgate Total Plax Gentle Mint®, Colgate-Palmolive, New York, USA; Colgate Total Plax Fresh Mint®, Colgate-Palmolive, New York, USA; Oral B Advantage®, Procter&Gamble, Cincinnati, USA; Reach Fresh Mint®, Johnson&Johnson, New Brunswick, USA; Foramen®, Laboratorios Foramen, Guarnizo, Spain; Lacalut Sensitive®, Dr. THEISS, Homburg, Germany; Sensodyne®, GlaxoSmithKline, London, UK; Vesna F®, Vita, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Lacalut Fresh®, Dr. THEISS, Homburg, Germany) were selected as study objects. Fluoride measurements were carried out using the fluoride selective electrode.
resultsFree fluoride:total fluoride ratio was more than 80% for six samples (Colgate Total Plax Gentle Mint® - 88%, Colgate Total Plax Fresh Mint® - 99%, Oral B Advantage® - 92%, Reach Fresh Mint® - 92 and 89% for the mouthwash of another batch, Lacalut Sensitive® - 94%) and less than 63% for three samples (Colgate Total Plax Classic Mint® - 56%, Foramen® - 62%, Vesna F® - 61%). Two samples had more than 70% and less than 80% of unbound fluoride, respectively (Sensodyne® - 77%, another batch of Oral B Advantage® mouthwash - 74%). Rinse containing sodium monofluorophosphate (Na
conclusionsThe differences in free fluoride: total fluoride ratio between analyzed mouthwashes reveal a need to develop a method for evaluation of free fluorides in mouthwashes for proper updating of national and international guidelines.
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Registered trials
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