ArticleBrain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)2020
The anatomy and metabolome of the lymphatic system in the brain in health and disease.
Article in Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examining the Influence of the Human Gut Microbiota on Cognition and Stress: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Molecular and Immunohistochemical Analyses of PLIN4 in the Spinal Cord and Brain During the Development of Electroacupuncture-Induced Analgesic Tolerance in Mice.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- The glymphatic system and glioblastoma.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Meningeal lymphatic dysfunction drives cognitive impairment after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Neuro-lymphaphotonics opens new horizons of the future technologies for the therapy of brain diseases.Theranostics · 2026Review
- The glymphatic system in neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors: mechanistic insights, biomarker advances, and therapeutic opportunities.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- Exertional Exhaustion (Post-Exertional Malaise, PEM) Evaluated by the Effects of Exercise on Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolomics-Lipidomics and Serine Pathway in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Covert cerebrospinal fluid dynamics dysfunction: evolution from conventional to innovative therapies.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Case Report: Deep cervical lymphovenous bypass for Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Review
- Connecting the Dots: The Cerebral Lymphatic System as a Bridge Between the Central Nervous System and Peripheral System in Health and Disease.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Unlocking potential of oxytocin: improving intracranial lymphatic drainage for Alzheimer's disease treatment.Theranostics · 2024Article
- Deep cervical lymph nodes in Parkinson's disease and atypical Parkinson's disease: A potential ultrasound biomarker for differential diagnosis.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2024Article
- Diffusion along the perivascular space as a potential biomarker for glioma grading and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation status prediction.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2023Article
- Neurofluids and the glymphatic system: anatomy, physiology, and imaging.The British journal of radiology · 2023Review
- Strategies to package recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus expressing the N-terminal gasdermin domain for tumor treatment.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Brain Barriers and brain fluids research in 2020 and the fluids and barriers of the CNS thematic series on advances in in vitro modeling of the blood-brain barrier and neurovascular unit.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2021Article
- Neuroinflammation-Driven Lymphangiogenesis in CNS Diseases.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Impediment of Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage Through Glymphatic System in Glioma.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Corrigendum.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrigendum.2020
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that the brain is equipped with a lymphatic drainage system that is actively involved in parenchymal waste clearance, brain homeostasis and immune regulation. However, the exact anatomic drainage routes of brain lymph fluid (BLF) remain elusive, hampering the physiological study and clinical application of this system. In this study, we systematically dissected the anatomy of the BLF pathways in a rat model. Moreover, we developed a protocol to collect BLF from the afferent lymphatic vessels of deep cervical lymph nodes (dcLNs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the fourth ventricle. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that BLF contains more metabolites than CSF, suggesting that BLF might be a more sensitive indicator of brain dynamics under physiological and pathological conditions. Finally, we identified several metabolites as potential diagnostic biomarkers for glioma, Parkinson's disease and CNS infectious diseases. Together, these data may provide insight into the physiology of the lymphatic system in the brain and into the clinical diagnosis of CNS disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.