Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31745238›Full record

SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2020

Prospective biomarkers of major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mitzy Kennis, Lotte Gerritsen, Marije van Dalen, Alishia Williams, Pim Cuijpers, Claudi Bockting

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 210 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
210citing papers in PubMed, 15 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

210 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  18. Functional connectivity of salience and affective networks among remitted depressed patients predicts episode recurrence.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023
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150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Mitzy KennisDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Lotte GerritsenDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Marije van DalenDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8361-8604
Alishia WilliamsDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Pim CuijpersDepartment of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Claudi BocktingDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. c.l.bockting@amsterdamumc.nl.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Leading biological hypotheses propose that biological changes may underlie major depressive disorder onset and relapse/recurrence. Here, we investigate if there is prospective evidence for biomarkers derived from leading theories. We focus on neuroimaging, gastrointestinal factors, immunology, neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitters, hormones, and oxidative stress. Searches were performed in Pubmed, Embase and PsychInfo for articles published up to 06/2019. References and citations of included articles were screened to identify additional articles. Inclusion criteria were having an MDD diagnosis as outcome, a biomarker as predictor, and prospective design search terms were formulated accordingly. PRISMA guidelines were applied. Meta-analyses were performed using a random effect model when three or more comparable studies were identified, using a random effect model. Our search resulted in 67,464 articles, of which 75 prospective articles were identified on: Neuroimaging (N = 24), Gastrointestinal factors (N = 1), Immunology (N = 8), Neurotrophic (N = 2), Neurotransmitters (N = 1), Hormones (N = 39), Oxidative stress (N = 1). Meta-analyses on brain volumes and immunology markers were not significant. Only cortisol (N = 19, OR = 1.294, p = 0.024) showed a predictive effect on onset/relapse/recurrence of MDD, but not on time until MDD onset/relapse/recurrence. However, this effect disappeared when studies including participants with a baseline clinical diagnosis were removed from the analyses. Other studies were too heterogeneous to compare. Thus, there is a lack of evidence for leading biological theories for onset and maintenance of depression. Only cortisol was identified as potential predictor for MDD, but results are influenced by the disease state. High-quality (prospective) studies on MDD are needed to disentangle the etiology and maintenance of MDD.

Indexed as

BiomarkersHumansHydrocortisoneMajor Depressive DisorderProspective StudiesBiomarkersHydrocortisone

Identifiers

PMID31745238
PMCPMC6974432

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.