ReviewGlia2020
Microglia and sexual differentiation of the developing brain: A focus on ontogeny and intrinsic factors.
Review in Glia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sickness and the Social Brain: Love in the Time of COVID.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Fibrinogen as a Driver of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Fetal Brain After Maternal Influenza.Research square · 2026Article
- Multi-regional transcriptomic profiling reveals divergent molecular mechanisms in ALS-related neurodegeneration.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- TNF-α and IFN-γ impair neural oscillations and induce neurodegeneration by microglial nitric oxide, metabolic and oxidative stress.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Arsenic attenuates responsiveness to inflammatory stimuli in the SIM-A9 microglial cell line.Neurotoxicology · 2026Article
- Perivascular SPP1 Drives Microglial Synaptic Engulfment After Ischemic Stroke.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Captopril restores microglial homeostasis and reverses ASD-like phenotype in a model of ASD induced by exposure in utero to anti-caspr2 IgG.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Synaptic pruning genes networks in Alzheimer's disease: correlations with neuropathology and cognitive decline.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and the Female Brain: Sex-Specific Mechanisms Underlying Mood Disorders and Stress Vulnerability.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Microglia as critical mediators linking perinatal immune stress to mental health trajectories.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Article
- Microglial interferon signaling and Aβ plaque pathology are enhanced in female 5xFAD Alzheimer's disease mice, independent of estrous cycle stage.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The Role of Prenatal Microglial Activation and Its Sex Differences in the Development of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The psychedelic-peptide paradox: a hormetic hypothesis.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- Neural Progenitor Cell- and Developing Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Differentially Modulate Microglial Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Sex chromosomes and gonads modify microglial-mediated pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Systems neuroimmunology: current bottlenecks, research priorities and future directions.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Aging and MPTP Sensitivity Depend on Molecular and Ultrastructural Signatures of Astroglia and Microglia in Mice Substantia Nigra.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Microglial heterogeneity in the ischemic stroke mouse brain of both sexes.Genome medicine · 2024Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Sexual differentiation of the brain during early development likely underlies the strong sex biases prevalent in many neurological conditions. Mounting evidence indicates that microglia, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system, are intricately involved in these sex-specific processes of differentiation. In this review, we synthesize literature demonstrating sex differences in microglial number, morphology, transcriptional state, and functionality throughout spatiotemporal development as well as highlight current literature regarding ontogeny of microglia. Along with vanRyzin et al. in this issue, we explore the idea that differences in microglia imparted by chromosomal or ontogeny-related programming can influence microglial-driven sexual differentiation of the brain, as well as the idea that extrinsic differences in the male and female brain microenvironment may in turn impart sex differences in microglia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.