ArticlePloS one2019
The relationship among the progression of inflammation in umbilical cord, fetal inflammatory response, early-onset neonatal sepsis, and chorioamnionitis.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07211503 (Evaluating Correlation Ccrd Blood IL 6 and Neonatal Outcome and CTG Inflammatory Pattern), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluating Correlation Ccrd Blood IL 6 and Neonatal Outcome and CTG Inflammatory Pattern
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eye disease and mortality, cognition, disease, and modifiable risk factors: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies.Eye (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Sex-specific outcomes following chorioamnionitis.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Single-cell analysis of the decidua unveils the mechanism of anti-inflammatory exosomes for chorioamnionitis in nonhuman primates.Science advances · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Impact of fetal inflammatory response on the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- A Prospective Analysis of the Retinopathy of Prematurity Correlated with the Inflammatory Status of the Extremely Premature and Very Premature Neonates.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Chronic Venous Disease during Pregnancy Is Related to Inflammation of the Umbilical Cord: Role of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF-1) and Interleukins 10 (IL-10), IL-12 and IL-18.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Progressive inflammation reduces high-frequency EEG activity and cortical dendritic arborisation in late gestation fetal sheep.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Infection Induced Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome (FIRS): State-of- the-Art and Medico-Legal Implications-A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- The Molecular and Histopathological Assessment of Inflammatory Status in Very and Extremely Premature Infants: A Prospective Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Changing Laboratory Practice for Early Detection of a Fetal Inflammatory Response: A Contemporary Approach.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Interleukin-1: an important target for perinatal neuroprotection?Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Infections at the maternal-fetal interface: an overview of pathogenesis and defence.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2022Review
- Increased Prostaglandin E2 in Brainstem Respiratory Centers Is Associated With Inhibition of Breathing Movements in Fetal Sheep Exposed to Progressive Systemic Inflammation.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Going Up Inflame: Reviewing the Underexplored Role of Inflammatory Programming in Stress-Induced Intrauterine Growth Restricted Livestock.Frontiers in animal science · 2021Article
- Interleukin-1 blockade attenuates white matter inflammation and oligodendrocyte loss after progressive systemic lipopolysaccharide exposure in near-term fetal sheep.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios in extremely preterm neonates with histologic chorioamnionitis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
- Fetal Growth Restriction and Subsequent Low Grade Fetal Inflammatory Response Are Associated with Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in the Context of Early Preterm Sterile Intrauterine Environment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Methodology for Biometrical Analysis of the Placenta: Feasibility and Reproducibility.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesNo information exists about whether fetal inflammatory-response(FIR), early-onset neonatal sepsis(EONS) and chorioamnionitis(an advanced-stage of maternal inflammatory-response in extraplacental membranes) continuously increase according to the progression of inflammation in umbilical-cord(UC). The objective of current-study is to examine this-issue.
methodsStudy-population included 239singleton pregnant-women(gestational-age[GA] at delivery: 21.6~36weeks) who had inflammation in extraplacental membranes or chorionic plate (CP) and either preterm-labor or preterm-PROM. We examined FIR, and the frequency of fetal inflammatory-responses syndrome(FIRS), proven-EONS, suspected-EONS and chorioamnionitis according to the progression of inflammation in UC. The progression of inflammation in UC was divided with a slight-modification from previously reported-criteria as follows: stage0, inflammation-free UC; stage-1: umbilical phlebitis only; stage-2: involvement of at least one UA and either the other UA or UV without extension into WJ; stage-3: the extension of inflammation into WJ. FIR was gauged by umbilical-cord-plasma(UCP) CRP concentration(ng/ml) at birth, and FIRS was defined as an elevated UCP CRP concentration at birth(≥200ng/ml).
resultsStage-0, stage-1, stage-2 and stage-3 of inflammation in UC were present in 48.1%, 15.5%, 6.7%, and 29.7% of cases. FIR continuously increased according to the progression of inflammation in UC(Kruskal-Wallis test,P<0.001; Spearman-rank-correlation test,P<0.000001,r = 0.546). Moreover, there was a significant and stepwise increase in the frequency of FIRS, proven-EONS, suspected-EONS and chorioamnionitis according to the progression of inflammation in UC(each for P<0.000005 in both chi-square test and linear-by-linear-association). Multiple logistic-regression analysis demonstrated that the more advanced-stage in the progression of inflammation in UC(i.e., stage-1 vs. stage-2 vs. stage-3), the better predictor of suspected-EONS (Odds-ratio[OR]3.358, 95%confidence-interval[CI]:1.020-11.057 vs. OR5.147, 95%CI:1.189-22.275 vs. OR11.040, 95%CI:4.118-29.592) and chorioamnionitis(OR6.593, 95%CI:2.717-15.999 vs. OR16.508, 95%CI:3.916-69.596 vs. OR20.167, 95%CI:8.629-47.137).
conclusionFIR, EONS and chorioamnionitis continuously increase according to the progression of inflammation in UC among preterm-gestations with inflammation in extraplacental membranes or CP. This finding may suggest that funisitis(inflammation in UC) is both qualitatively and quantitatively histologic-counterpart of FIRS, and a surrogate-marker for chorioamnionitis.
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