SynthesisJournal of pediatric hematology/oncology2020
Paternal Smoking Before Conception and During Pregnancy Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 17 Case-Control Studies.
Synthesis in Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondhand smoke exposure and human health: an umbrella review.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Maternal hormonal contraception use and childhood cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Pooled it
- Are digital health interventions valuable to support patients with cancer and caregivers? An umbrella review of web-based and app-based supportive care interventions.Cancer medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Role of Maternal Diet in the Risk of Childhood Acute Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Establishing environmental causes of childhood cancer: a view from the IARC Monographs.UCL open. Environment · 2026Article
- The Influence of DNA Repair Genes and Prenatal Tobacco Exposure on Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Gene-Environment Interaction Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Trends in childhood cancer: Incidence and survival analysis over 45 years of SEER data.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Environmental Pollution and Risk of Childhood Cancer: A Scoping Review of Evidence from the Last Decade.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Pre- and Postnatal Exposures to Tobacco Smoking and Survival of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic and Myeloid Leukemias in California, United States.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Review
- Environmental tobacco smoke and children's health: a bibliometric and altmetric analysis of 100 most cited articles.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Microbiota, Diet and Acute Leukaemia: Tips and Tricks on Their Possible Connections.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Regional and national burden of leukemia and its attributable burden to risk factors in 21 countries and territories of North Africa and Middle East, 1990-2019: results from the GBD study 2019.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Environmental Risk Factors for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: An Umbrella Review.Cancers · 2022Review
- Risk Factors for Childhood Leukemia: Radiation and Beyond.Frontiers in public health · 2021Review
- Correlation between tobacco control policies and mortality of haematological cancers across Europe: An ecological study.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2021Article
- Current Resources for Evidence-Based Practice, November 2020.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 2020Article
- The Importance of Oxidative Stress in Determining the Functionality of Mammalian Spermatozoa: A Two-Edged Sword.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCurrent evidence regarding the association between paternal smoking before conception or during pregnancy and the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are inconsistent. We aimed to systematically summarize the current evidence regarding this potential association.
methodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE), we systematically retrieved PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, screened relevant literature, and assessed the methodologic quality of the included studies. We calculated the pooled estimates using random-effects models. We assessed statistical heterogeneity by I values and χ tests for the Cochrane Q statistic. We further investigate the dose-response relation using 2-stage nonlinear models.
resultsA total of 17 case-control studies were identified, and the synthesized risk ratios (RRs) for smoking before conception (RR=1.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.27) and during pregnancy (RR=1.20, 95% confidence interval: 1.12-1.28) were both statistically significant. Moreover, the dose-response analysis showed a positive association as well.
conclusionCurrent evidence from observational studies suggests the association between paternal smoking before conception or during pregnancy and the increased risk of childhood ALL, which needs to be confirmed in prospective studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.