ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2020
Recent Trends in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anus Incidence and Mortality in the United States, 2001-2015.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02437851 (A Multicenter Observational and Feasibility Study of Excision of Superficially Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 169 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter Observational and Feasibility Study of Excision of Superficially Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SISCCA) of the Anal Canal and Perianus in HIV-Infected Persons
Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 314 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes reported in studies of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions treatments: systematic review.BJS open · 2026Pooled it
- SEOM-GEMCAD-TTD clinical guidelines for anal cancer (2025).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Guideline
- Outcomes of Anal Cancer Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with Curative Chemoradiotherapy: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Pooled it
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for the prevention of cervical cancer and other HPV-related diseases: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of HPV Infection Among Chinese Males With HPV-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical virology · 2025Pooled it
- Improving our understanding of the quality of life of patients with metastatic or recurrent/persistent anal cancer: a systematic review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Comparing the Diagnostic Performance of Quantitative PCR, Digital Droplet PCR, and Next-Generation Sequencing Liquid Biopsies for Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2024Pooled it
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Guideline
- Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2021Guideline
- Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA among Men with Oropharyngeal and Anogenital Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2021Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of Home-Based Self-Sampling vs Clinician Sampling for Anal Precancer Screening.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Phase II Trial of MEDI0457 and Durvalumab for Patients With Recurrent/Metastatic Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers.The oncologist · 2023Trial
- Effect of the environment on home-based self-sampling kits for anal cancer screening.Journal of virological methods · 2022Trial
- Treatment of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions to Prevent Anal Cancer.The New England journal of medicine · 2022Trial
- Randomized phase II trial of avelumab alone or in combination with cetuximab for patients with previously treated, locally advanced, or metastatic squamous cell anal carcinoma: the CARACAS study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Trial
- Premature mortality and years of potential productive life lost due to HPV-attributable cancers in Brazil and Mexico: 2011 Versus 2023.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Awareness of the link between HPV and cancer according to cancer type and gender in the US from 2014-2020.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Outcomes of elderly patients treated with chemoradiotherapy for anal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter study of the German cancer consortium - radiation oncology group (DKTK-ROG).Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Distinct tumor microenvironment profiles characterize regressive versus progressive anal precancers.iScience · 2026Article
- Predictors of anal and cervical cancer screening uptake among adults with and without HIV: survey of a community-based health clinic network.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSquamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) incidence is rising in the United States. Study of incidence trends by stage at diagnosis, age-specific and birth cohort patterns, and trends in mortality could provide evidence for a true increase and etiological clues for the increase in incidence.
methodsUsing the US Cancer Statistics dataset, we examined trends in SCCA incidence (2001-2015) and mortality (2001-2016) rates. Join-point regression was used to compute annual and average annual percentage change (AAPC). Incidence patterns by 5-year age group and birth cohort were evaluated using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and age-period-cohort modeling.
resultsSCCA incidence increased 2.7% per year (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1% to 3.3%), with pronounced increases in age groups 50 years and older. Distant-stage SCCA incidence tripled (AAPC = 8.6%, 95% CI = 5.4% to 12.0%, among men and AAPC = 7.5%, 95% CI = 4.8% to 10.2%, among women) and regional-stage SCCA incidence nearly doubled (AAPC = 4.7% for men and women) in both sexes; the AAPC for localized stage was 1.3% (95% CI = 0.6% to 2.0%) in men and 2.3% (95% CI = 1.8% to 2.8%) in women. Compared with adults born circa 1946, recently born black men (born circa 1986) had a nearly fivefold higher risk (IRR = 4.7, 95% CI = 2.1 to 10.2) of SCCA, and the risk doubled among white men (IRR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.7 to 2.2) and white women (IRR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.9 to 2.3) born after circa 1960. Anal cancer mortality rates increased 3.1% per year (95% CI = 2.6% to 3.5%) with statistically significant increases in age groups 50 years and older. SCCA incidence-based mortality increased 1.9% annually (95% CI = 0.5% to 3.4%), with a notable (4.9%, 95% CI = 2.4% to 7.3%, per year) rise in adults ages 60-69 years.
conclusionThe increase in SCCA incidence, particularly advanced-stage disease, and a similar increase in mortality suggest a true increase in the occurrence of SCCA. Future research and improved prevention are urgently needed to mitigate the increasing disease burden.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.