SynthesisEmerging infectious diseases2019
Patterns of Transmission and Sources of Infection in Outbreaks of Human Toxoplasmosis.
Synthesis in Emerging infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Parasitic contamination in vegetables for human consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2024Pooled it
- Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic and wild felids as public health concerns: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Serosurvey of Toxoplasmosis Among Drug Users in Fars Province, Southern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Developing an Integrated Medical-Veterinary Data Framework for Investigating Human Toxoplasmosis: A One Health Perspective.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evolution ofJournal of parasitology research · 2026Review
- HumanMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Intraocular Coinfection byPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Vitamin D3 status and seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in reproductive-aged women in Northern Iran.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Intracellular Parasitic Infections Caused byVaccines · 2025Review
- Treatment outcomes for gestational toxoplasmosis in India with an emphasis on periconceptional infection in a prospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Review of the Human Health Risks from Microbial Hazards in Recreational Beach Sand.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Detection of toxoplasmosis by serology and nested-PCR in kidney transplant recipients and patients on hemodialysis from Sri Lanka.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Evaluation of anti-Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025Article
- The development and excretion of Toxoplasma gondii oocyst manipulate the gut microbiota in its definitive host.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Molecular detection ofEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Survival and viability of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts under natural dry season conditions in the Brazilian semi-arid region.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence and risk factors forParasite epidemiology and control · 2025Review
- Toxoplasmosis Knowledge and Preventive Behaviours Among Pregnant Women in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sero-molecular prevalence of toxoplasmosis in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients in Markazi Province, Iran.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Seroepidemiology, molecular detection, and isolation attempts of Toxoplasma gondii in dairy goats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report on apparent temporal progression of probable sources of infection and transmission routes for global human toxoplasmosis outbreaks as described in published articles. We searched the Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases for articles on Toxoplasma, toxoplasmosis, and outbreaks. We found that transmission routes for Toxoplasma gondii varied by decade. In the 1960s and 1990s, toxoplasmosis outbreaks mainly occurred through ingestion of cysts in meat and meat derivatives; in the 1980s, through milk contaminated with tachyzoites; in 2000, due to the presence of oocysts in water, sand, and soil; and in 2010, due to oocysts in raw fruits and vegetables. Our study suggests a possible change in the epidemiology of reported toxoplasmosis outbreaks. Because of this change, we suggest that greater attention be paid to the disinfection of vegetables, as well as to the quality of water used for drinking and irrigation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.