ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2019
The Role of the Three Rs in Improving the Planning and Reproducibility of Animal Experiments.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Longitudinal Study of Changes in Ammonia, Carbon Dioxide, Humidity and Temperature in Individually Ventilated Cages Housing Female and Male C57BL/6N Mice during Consecutive Cycles of Weekly and Bi-Weekly Cage Changes.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Embryonic Zebrafish as a Model for Investigating the Interaction between Environmental Pollutants and Neurodegenerative Disorders.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Bioengineered Organoids Offer New Possibilities for Liver Cancer Studies: A Review of Key Milestones and Challenges.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The intervention of cannabinoid receptor in chronic and acute kidney disease animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- Whole Liver Derived Acellular Extracellular Matrix for Bioengineering of Liver Constructs: An Updated Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A decade of blood-brain barrier permeability assays: Revisiting old traumatic brain injury rat data for new insights and experimental design.Microvascular research · 2023Article
- Asphyxia-Induced Bacterial Translocation in an Animal Experimental Model in Neonatal Piglets.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- 'Invisible actors'-How poor methodology reporting compromises mouse models of oncology: A cross-sectional survey.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- The neurobiology of pain and facial movements in rodents: Clinical applications and current research.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- Reviewing the Review: A Pilot Study of the Ethical Review Process of Animal Research in Sweden.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Baseline Values and Kinetics of IL-6, Procalcitonin, and TNF-BioMed research international · 2021Article
- Quantification of Hair Corticosterone, DHEA and Testosterone as a Potential Tool for Welfare Assessment in Male Laboratory Mice.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Fatty acid nitroalkenes inhibit the inflammatory response to bleomycin-mediated lung injury.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2020Article
- Article
- The Penn Vet Working Dog Center Fit to Work Program: A Formalized Method for Assessing and Developing Foundational Canine Physical Fitness.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Training in the design of animal experiments focuses all too often on those aspects which can be approached mathematically, such as the number of animals needed to deliver a robust result, allocation of group size, and techniques such as randomization, blocking and statistical analysis. Important as they are, these are only a small part of the process of planning animal experiments. Additional key elements include refinements of housing, husbandry and procedures, health and safety, and attention at all stages to animal welfare. Advances in technology and laboratory animal science have led to improvements in care and husbandry, better provision of anesthetics and analgesics, refined methods of drug administration, greater competence in welfare assessment and application of humane endpoints. These improvements require continual dialogue between scientists, facility managers and technical staff, a practice that is a key feature of what has become known as the culture of care. This embodies a commitment to improving animal welfare, scientific quality, staff care and transparency for all stakeholders. Attention to both the physical and mental health of all those directly or indirectly involved in animal research is now an important part of the process of planning and conducting animal experiments. Efforts during the last 30 years to increase the internal and external validity of animal experiments have tended to concentrate on the production of guidelines to improve the quality of
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.