ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2020
Attributable Fractions of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease for Mortality in the United States: Results From the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey With 27 Years of Follow-up.
Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with MAFLD Compared with Patients with MASLD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Gut and liver · 2026Pooled it
- Global epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Non-invasive methods for diagnosing portal hypertension and variceal bleeding due to liver cirrhosis secondary to NAFLD/MASLD: systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Influence of MASLD and MAFLD on long-term extrahepatic cancer incidence and cancer mortality in regional Australia.Internal medicine journal · 2026Article
- Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis and systematic meta-analysis of causal relationships between hepatocellular carcinoma and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Projected Trends in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Mortality Through 2040.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- MAFLD in adults: non-invasive tests for diagnosis and monitoring of MAFLD.Hepatology international · 2024Review
- Characteristics and long-term mortality of individuals with MASLD, MetALD, and ALD, and the utility of SAFE score.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2024Article
- Genetic risk accentuates dietary effects on hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a population-based cohort.Journal of hepatology · 2024Article
- Association between hemoglobin and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in United States adults: Results from NHANES 2017-2020.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- The relationship between the systemic immune inflammation index and the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in American adolescents.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- L-shaped association between the GA/HbA1c ratio and all-cause mortality in U.S. adults with NAFLD: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES 1999-2004.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Article
- Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States adult population, 2003-2018.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- Associations of serum folate and vitamin BFrontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Trends of primary liver cancer incidence and mortality in the United States: A population-based study over the last four decades.PloS one · 2024Article
- Population attributable fractions of fatty liver disease for type 2 diabetes Mellitus.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- Modification of the diabetes prevention program for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A pilot study.Obesity science & practice · 2023Article
- PNPLA3 Genotype and Diabetes Identify Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease at High Risk of Incident Cirrhosis.Gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Influence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Increased Liver Enzyme Levels on the Risk of Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2023Article
- Towards omics-based risk assessment in NAFLD.Nature metabolism · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a range of conditions, from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Studies in the United States have reported an increased mortality risk among individuals with NAFLD; therefore, the population attributable fractions (PAFs) for mortality were examined. APPROACH AND
resultsA total of 12,253 adult individuals with ultrasound assessment of NAFLD from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and mortality follow-up through 2015 were included in the analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for NAFLD in association with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Overall, sex- and race/ethnicity-specific PAFs and 95% CIs were estimated. In the current study, presence of NAFLD was associated with a 20% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.08, 1.34). The overall PAF for all-cause mortality associated with NAFLD was 7.5% (95% CI, 3.0, 12.0). The PAF for diabetes-specific mortality was 38.0% (95% CI, 13.1, 63.0) overall, 40.8% (95% CI, 2.1, 79.6) in men, and 36.8% (95% CI, 6.6, 67.0) in women. The PAF for liver disease (LD)-specific mortality was notably higher in men (68.3%; 95% CI, 36.3, 100.0) than women (3.5%; 95% CI, -39.7, 46.8). In the race-specific analysis, the PAFs of NAFLD for all-cause mortality (9.3%; 95% CI, 4.0, 14.6) and diabetes-specific mortality (44.4%; 95% CI, 10.8, 78.0) were significantly greater than zero only for whites.
conclusionsIn the United States, approximately 8% of all-cause mortality and more than one-third of LD- and diabetes-specific deaths are associated with NAFLD. With these high percentages, efforts are needed to reduce the burden of NAFLD in the United States.
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