Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31732891›Full record

SynthesisJournal of autism and developmental disorders2020

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Amongst Individuals with Gender Dysphoria: A Systematic Review.

Emily Thrower, Ingrid Bretherton, Ken C Pang, Jeffrey D Zajac, Ada S Cheung

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
55citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Emily ThrowerDepartment of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-3622
Ingrid BrethertonDepartment of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Ken C PangDepartment of Adolescent Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Jeffrey D ZajacDepartment of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
Ada S CheungDepartment of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia. adac@unimelb.edu.au.
The University of Melbourne · AURoyal Children's Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can compromise health and may be more prevalent amongst individuals with gender dysphoria (GD). Symptoms such as attention or social difficulties can impact assessment of GD, understanding of health information, and engagement in clinical care. To ensure neurodevelopmental conditions are adequately considered in gender health services, we aimed to systematically review the literature examining the prevalence of ASD and ADHD amongst individuals with GD. In this systematic review based on the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases were searched for studies examining the prevalence of ASD and/or ADHD in individuals with GD or investigated the rate of GD in cohorts with ASD or ADHD. All English peer-reviewed publications were included. The search strategy identified 179 studies. After applying exclusion criteria, a total of 30 studies were identified, 22 studies which examined the prevalence of ASD or ADHD in people with GD. A further 8 studies examined the reverse; prevalence of GD in people with ASD. The few studies employing diagnostic criteria for ASD suggest a prevalence of 6-26% in transgender populations, higher than the general population, but no different from individuals attending psychiatry clinics. Few studies examine prevalence of ADHD. Low-level evidence exists to suggest a link between ASD and GD. Further population-based and controlled studies using diagnostic criteria for ASD and ADHD are required.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAutism Spectrum DisorderFemaleGender DysphoriaHumansMalePrevalenceAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorderAutism disordersGender dysphoriaTransgender persons

Identifiers

PMID31732891
OpenAlexW2987726894

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.