ArticleNeuroscience bulletin2020
Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation Promotes Motor Functional Recovery by Enhancing Oligodendrocyte Survival and Differentiation and by Protecting Myelin after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.
Article in Neuroscience bulletin, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Observation on the efficacy of combined electrical stimulation in the treatment of incomplete spinal cord injury: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neurologyTrial
- Early high‑frequency spinal cord stimulation modulates the ROS/p38 MAPK/NF‑κB and CXCL10/CXCR3 pathways to alleviate neuropathic pain and promote spinal cord injury repair.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and Applications of Conductive Biomaterials in Spinal Cord Injury Repair.Biomaterials research · 2026Review
- Multidimensional Engineering of Extracellular Vesicles for Targeted Delivery and Microglial Reprograming in Spinal Cord Injury Repair.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Exploring synergistic effects: Atorvastatin and electrical stimulation in spinal cord injury therapy.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Mertk Reduces Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Permeability Through the Rhoa/Rock1/P-MLC Pathway After Spinal Cord Injury.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Article
- Mapping the Iceberg of Autonomic Recovery: Mechanistic Underpinnings of Neuromodulation following Spinal Cord Injury.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2024Review
- Electrical stimulation affects the differentiation of transplanted regionally specific human spinal neural progenitor cells (sNPCs) after chronic spinal cord injury.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Article
- Spinal cord stimulation for spinal cord injury - Where do we stand? A narrative review.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2023Article
- Electrical stimulation for the treatment of spinal cord injuries: A review of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive functional improvements.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Case report: Utilizing diffusion-weighted MRI on a patient with chronic low back pain treated with spinal cord stimulation.Frontiers in neuroimaging · 2023Article
- Epidural oscillating field stimulation increases axonal regenerative capacity and myelination after spinal cord trauma.Neural regeneration research · 2022Article
- Progression in translational research on spinal cord injury based on microenvironment imbalance.Bone research · 2022Review
- Delving into the recent advancements of spinal cord injury treatment: a review of recent progress.Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- A bibliometric of research trends in acupuncture for spinal cord injury: Quantitative and qualitative analyses.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Glial-Neuronal Interactions in Pathogenesis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Emerging Role of PD-1 in the Central Nervous System and Brain Diseases.Neuroscience bulletin · 2021Review
- Reversion of Injured Adult Neurons to an Embryonic State by Grafts of Neural Progenitor Cells After Spinal Cord Injury.Neuroscience bulletin · 2021Article
- Can Enhancing Neuronal Activity Improve Myelin Repair in Multiple Sclerosis?Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Spinal Cord Stimulation Attenuates Below-Level Mechanical Hypersensitivity in Rats After Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury.Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS) markedly improves motor and sensory function after spinal cord injury (SCI), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we investigated whether ESCS affects oligodendrocyte differentiation and its cellular and molecular mechanisms in rats with SCI. ESCS improved hindlimb motor function at 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days after SCI. ESCS also significantly increased the myelinated area at 28 days, and reduced the number of apoptotic cells in the spinal white matter at 7 days. SCI decreased the expression of 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase, an oligodendrocyte marker) at 7 days and that of myelin basic protein at 28 days. ESCS significantly upregulated these markers and increased the percentage of Sox2/CNPase/DAPI-positive cells (newly differentiated oligodendrocytes) at 7 days. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 4 (rhBMP4) markedly downregulated these factors after ESCS. Furthermore, ESCS significantly decreased BMP4 and p-Smad1/5/9 expression after SCI, and rhBMP4 reduced this effect of ESCS. These findings indicate that ESCS enhances the survival and differentiation of oligodendrocytes, protects myelin, and promotes motor functional recovery by inhibiting the BMP4-Smad1/5/9 signaling pathway after SCI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.