ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
Risk Factors for Acute Rheumatic Fever: Literature Review and Protocol for a Case-Control Study in New Zealand.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of Rheumatic Heart Disease in First-Degree Relatives of Index-Cases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Global heart · 2025Pooled it
- Mapping Autoantibodies in Children With Acute Rheumatic Fever.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Te Maatai Manawa a Whaanau: Maaori and Pacific People's Experiences of Echocardiography in Rheumatic Fever Health Care in Auckland, New Zealand.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Early Rheumatic Heart Disease Among Asymptomatic Students in Underserved Communities in Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Observational
- Genetic Susceptibility to Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Narrative Literature Review Highlighting Evidence From African Populations and Research Gaps in Sudan.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Acute Rheumatic Fever Diagnostic Network (ARC Network) clinical recruitment protocol.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- The "Cairo Accord"- towards the eradication of RHD: revisited (2026).Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Sydenham's Chorea as the Sole Presenting Symptom of Acute Rheumatic Fever in a 14-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2026Article
- Association Between Serum 25(OH)-Vitamin D and Heart Involvement in a Single-Centre Cohort of Children with Acute Rheumatic Fever During the Years 2004-2024.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Adherence to benzathine penicillin prophylaxis and associated factors in patients with rheumatic heart disease attending two public hospitals in Bahir dar, Ethiopia.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- New evidence supports a greater focus on streptococcal skin infections to prevent rheumatic fever.The Medical journal of Australia · 2025Article
- Rheumatic Valvulopathy in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study of Cameroonian Urban Schools.Global heart · 2025Article
- Risk Factors for Acute Rheumatic Disease: Exploring Factors at Individual and Collective Levels.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2024Review
- Cutaneous signs of selected cardiovascular disorders: A narrative review.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2024Review
- Research priorities for the primordial prevention of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease by modifying the social determinants of health.BMJ global health · 2023Review
- Development and User Testing of a Dynamic Tool for Rheumatic Heart Disease Management.Applied clinical informatics · 2023Article
- Antibiotic Use for Common Infections in Pediatric Emergency Departments: A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Leptospirosis in Aotearoa New Zealand: Protocol for a Nationwide Case-Control Study.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and its sequela, rheumatic heart disease (RHD), have largely disappeared from high-income countries. However, in New Zealand (NZ), rates remain unacceptably high in indigenous Māori and Pacific populations. The goal of this study is to identify potentially modifiable risk factors for ARF to support effective disease prevention policies and programmes. A case-control design is used. Cases are those meeting the standard NZ case-definition for ARF, recruited within four weeks of hospitalisation for a first episode of ARF, aged less than 20 years, and residing in the North Island of NZ. This study aims to recruit at least 120 cases and 360 controls matched by age, ethnicity, gender, deprivation, district, and time period. For data collection, a comprehensive pre-tested questionnaire focussed on exposures during the four weeks prior to illness or interview will be used. Linked data include previous hospitalisations, dental records, and school characteristics. Specimen collection includes a throat swab (Group A Streptococcus), a nasal swab (Staphylococcus aureus), blood (vitamin D, ferritin, DNA for genetic testing, immune-profiling), and head hair (nicotine). A major strength of this study is its comprehensive focus covering organism, host and environmental factors. Having closely matched controls enables the examination of a wide range of specific environmental risk factors.
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