ArticleParasites & vectors2019
Evaluation of an alpha-cypermethrin + PBO mixture long-lasting insecticidal net VEERALIN® LN against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.s.: an experimental hut trial in M'bé, central Côte d'Ivoire.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-analysis on the entomological effects of differentially treated ITNs in a multi-site experimental hut study in sub-Saharan Africa.Malaria journal · 2025Pooled it
- Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with pyrethroids in insecticide-treated nets to prevent malaria in Africa.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- A multi-country non-inferiority experimental hut evaluation of DuraNetMalaria journal · 2026Article
- A Non-Inferiority Evaluation of YAHE 4.0, an Alphacypermethrin-PBO Insecticide-Treated Net Against Pyrethroid ResistantTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Durability study of VeeralinParasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Vector Guard®, a mosaic alpha-cypermethrin and piperonyl butoxide-treated net, for the control of pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors: a non-inferiority experimental hut evaluation in Benin.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Influence of genetic factors of humans, mosquitoes and parasites, on the evolution of Plasmodium falciparum infections, malaria transmission and genetic control methods: a review of the literature.BMC medical genomics · 2025Review
- Impact of dual active ingredients long-lasting insecticidal nets on the genetic structure of insecticide resistant populations of Anopheles gambiae in Southern Benin.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Cross-Resistance to Pyrethroids and Neonicotinoids in Malaria Vectors from Vegetable Farms in the Northern Benin.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- The non-inferiority of piperonyl-butoxide YorkoolMalaria journal · 2024Article
- Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes and the effect of pre-exposure to a piperonyl butoxide (PBO) synergist on resistance to deltamethrin in northern Namibia.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- High efficacy of chlorfenapyr-based net InterceptorInfectious diseases of poverty · 2023Article
- PermaNet Dual, a new deltamethrin-chlorfenapyr mixture net, shows improved efficacy against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae sensu lato in southern Benin.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Exploring alternative insecticide delivery options in a "lethal house lure" for malaria vector control.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Small-scale field evaluation of PermaNetMalaria journal · 2023Article
- Article
- An experimental hut study evaluating the impact of pyrethroid-only and PBO nets alone and in combination with pirimiphos-methyl-based IRS in Ethiopia.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- Association of Reduced Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net Efficacy and Pyrethroid Insecticide Resistance With Overexpression of CYP6P4, CYP6P3, and CYP6Z1 in Populations of Anopheles coluzzii From Southeast Côte d'Ivoire.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Comparative efficacy of two pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide nets (Olyset Plus and PermaNet 3.0) against pyrethroid resistant malaria vectors: a non-inferiority assessment.Malaria journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLong-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the primary method of malaria prevention. However, the widespread resistance to pyrethroids among major malaria vector species represents a significant threat to the continued efficacy of pyrethroid LLIN. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is a synergist that inhibits the activity of metabolic enzymes of the cytochrome P450 family known to detoxify insecticides including pyrethroids. Synergist LLIN incorporating PBO and a pyrethroid may provide improved control compared to pyrethroid-only LLIN.
methodsThe efficacy of VEERALIN® LN (VKA polymers Pvt Ltd, India), an alpha-cypermethrin PBO synergist net was evaluated in experimental huts in M'bé, central Côte d'Ivoire against wild pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.s. Comparison was made with a standard alpha-cypermethrin-treated net (MAGNet® LN, VKA polymers Pvt Ltd, India). Nets were tested unwashed and after 20 standardized washes.
resultsVEERALIN® LN demonstrated improved efficacy compared to MAGNet® LN against wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.s. Before washing, VEERALIN® LN produced mortality of An. gambiae s.s. (51%) significantly higher than the standard pyrethroid-only net (29%) (P < 0.0001). Although there was a significant reduction in mortality with both LLINs after 20 washes, VEERALIN® LN remained superior in efficacy to MAGNet® LN (38 vs 17%) (P < 0.0001). Blood-feeding was significantly inhibited with both types of insecticide-treated nets relative to the untreated control net (P < 0.0001). Unwashed VEERALIN® LN induced significantly higher blood-feeding inhibition of An. gambiae s.s. (62.6%) compared to MAGNet® LN (35.4%) (P < 0.001). The difference persisted after washing, as there was no indication that either LLIN lost protection against biting or blood-feeding. The level of personal protection derived from the use of VEERALIN® LN was high (87%) compared to MAGNet® LN (66-69%) whether unwashed or washed. The AI content of VEERALIN® LN after 20 washes decreased from 6.75 to 6.03 g/kg for alpha-cypermethrin and from 2.95 to 2.64 g/kg for PBO, corresponding to an overall retention of 89% for each compound.
conclusionsThe addition of the synergist PBO to pyrethroid net greatly improved protection and control of pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.s. The pyrethroid-PBO VEERALIN® LN has the potential to reduce transmission in areas compromised by pyrethroid resistance.
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