ArticleScientific reports2019
Maternal and early postnatal immune activation produce sex-specific effects on autism-like behaviors and neuroimmune function in mice.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sickness and the Social Brain: Love in the Time of COVID.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Maternal-fetal immune conflict contributes to male-specific impairments in a mouse model of neurodevelopmental disorders.Science advances · 2026Article
- Microglial IL-27 modulates depression-like behaviors induced by postnatal immune activation.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Fibrinogen as a Driver of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Fetal Brain After Maternal Influenza.Research square · 2026Article
- Placental and juvenile immune responses to maternal immune activation are differentially regulated by sex chromosomes and gonads across gestation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Perinatal hyperandrogenization and immune activation in rodents model subtypes of autism.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Maternal Poly (I:C)-Induced Placental Inflammation and Endocrine Dysfunction Are Associated with Disrupted Corticogenesis in Mouse Offspring.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- The kynurenine pathway in depression and schizophrenia: convergent signals, divergent states, and clinical signatures.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Developmental Impact of Maternal Immune Activation on the Fetal Immune System and Lung.European journal of immunology · 2026Review
- Contributions of Retinoid Signaling to Autism-like Behaviors Induced by Early Postnatal Lead Exposure in the Mouse Cerebellum.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Correspondence between sleep patterns and anhedonia in adult male mice exposed to early-life stress.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Neuroimmune and behavioral changes elicited by maternal immune activation in mice are ameliorated by early postnatal immune stimulation.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Interleukin-6 produces behavioral deficits in pre-pubescent mice independent of neuroinflammation.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Mast cells proliferate in the peri-hippocampal space during early development and modulate local and peripheral immune cells.Developmental cell · 2025Article
- The microbiome as a modulator of neurological health across the maternal-offspring interface.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Immune Alterations in the Intrauterine Environment Shape Offspring Brain Development in a Sex-Specific Manner.Biological psychiatry · 2025Review
- The Importance of Including Maternal Immune Activation in Animal Models of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Protective effects of rosmarinic acid against autistic-like behaviors in a mouse model of maternal separation stress: behavioral and molecular amendments.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a role for inflammation in neuropsychiatric conditions including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental syndrome with higher prevalence in males than females. Here we examined the effects of early-life immune system activation (EIA)-comprising regimens of prenatal, early postnatal, or combined ("two-hit") immune activation-on the core behavioral features of ASD (decreased social interaction, increased repetitive behavior, and aberrant communication) in C57BL/6J mice. We treated timed-pregnant mice with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) on gestational day 12.5 to produce maternal immune activation (MIA). Some offspring also received lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on postnatal day 9 to produce postnatal immune activation (PIA). EIA produced disruptions in social behavior and increases in repetitive behaviors that were larger in males than in females. Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) were altered in both sexes. Molecular studies revealed that EIA also produced prominent sex-specific changes in inflammation-related gene expression in the brain. Whereas both sexes showed increases in pro-inflammatory factors, as reflected by levels of mRNA and protein, expression of anti-inflammatory factors was decreased in males but increased in females. Our findings demonstrate that EIA can produce sex-specific behavioral effects and immune responses in the brain, and identify molecular processes that may contribute to resilience in females.
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