ArticleScientific reports2019
Unraveling nonlinear electrophysiologic processes in the human visual system with full dimension spectral analysis.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Critical role of rhythms in prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression: A randomized sham-controlled study.Human brain mapping · 2022Trial
- Exploratory Correlation Analysis of Respiratory Waveform, Instantaneous Respiratory Depth and Rate in Relation to Parasympathetic Indices During Spontaneous Breathing.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Attentional dysfunction arises from right frontocentral and occipital network connectivity in Parkinson's disease.Neuroimage. Reports · 2025Article
- Oscillatory Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and the Amplitude-Modulated Frequency Dictate the Quantitative Features of Phosphenes.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- GPU Implementation of the Improved CEEMDAN Algorithm for Fast and Efficient EEG Time-Frequency Analysis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The association between working memory precision and the nonlinear dynamics of frontal and parieto-occipital EEG activity.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Amplitude modulating frequency overrides carrier frequency in tACS-induced phosphene percept.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
- A review of critical brain oscillations in depression and the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- A holo-spectral EEG analysis provides an early detection of cognitive decline and predicts the progression to Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Investigating the effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on stress level and brain activity of college students.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Article
- Evaluating the Different Stages of Parkinson's Disease Using Electroencephalography With Holo-Hilbert Spectral Analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Application of Empirical Mode Decomposition for Decoding Perception of Faces Using Magnetoencephalography.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Revealing the Dynamic Nature of Amplitude Modulated Neural Entrainment With Holo-Hilbert Spectral Analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Waveform changes with the evolution of beta bursts in the human subthalamic nucleus.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2020Article
- Amplitude modulated gamma oscillations as electrophysiological markers for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation efficacy in treatment-resistant depression: a randomized sham-controlled study.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Natural sensory signals have nonlinear structures dynamically composed of the carrier frequencies and the variation of the amplitude (i.e., envelope). How the human brain processes the envelope information is still poorly understood, largely due to the conventional analysis failing to quantify it directly. Here, we used a recently developed method, Holo-Hilbert spectral analysis, and steady-state visually evoked potential collected using electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to investigate how the human visual system processes the envelope of amplitude-modulated signals, in this case with a 14 Hz carrier and a 2 Hz envelope. The EEG results demonstrated that in addition to the fundamental stimulus frequencies, 4 Hz amplitude modulation residing in 14 Hz carrier and a broad range of carrier frequencies covering from 8 to 32 Hz modulated by 2 Hz amplitude modulation are also found in the two-dimensional frequency spectrum, which have not yet been recognized before. The envelope of the stimulus is also found to dominantly modulate the response to the incoming signal. The findings thus reveal that the electrophysiological response to amplitude-modulated stimuli is more complex than could be revealed by, for example, Fourier analysis. This highlights the dynamics of neural processes in the visual system.
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