ArticleEnvironment international2020
What individual and neighbourhood-level factors increase the risk of heat-related mortality? A case-crossover study of over 185,000 deaths in London using high-resolution climate datasets.
Article in Environment international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Temperature-related mortality and associated vulnerabilities: evidence from Scotland using extended time-series datasets.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Pooled it
- Greening mitigates heat-related mortality in Paris.npj urban sustainability · 2026Article
- Quantifying intra-urban socio-economic and environmental vulnerability to extreme heat events in Johannesburg, South Africa.International journal of biometeorology · 2025Article
- Estimating Heat-Related Mortality Burden Changes under Type-Specific Green and Blue Space Scenarios in China.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Daily Land Surface Temperature Reconstruction in Landsat Cross-Track Areas Using Deep Ensemble Learning With Uncertainty Quantification.IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing : a publication of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society · 2025Article
- Subseasonal Prediction of Heat-Related Mortality in Switzerland.GeoHealth · 2025Article
- Social determinants of heat-related mortality in England: a time-stratified case-crossover study using primary care records.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- The potential of urban trees to reduce heat-related mortality in London.Environmental research letters : ERL [Web site] · 2024Article
- Article
- Indoor overheating: A review of vulnerabilities, causes, and strategies to prevent adverse human health outcomes during extreme heat events.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2024Review
- Climate Change, Summer Temperature, and Heat-Related Mortality in Finland: Multicohort Study with Projections for a Sustainable vs. Fossil-Fueled Future to 2050.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Observational
- Spatio-temporal interpolation and delineation of extreme heat events in California between 2017 and 2021.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Assessing heat effects on respiratory mortality and location characteristics as modifiers of heat effects at a small area scale in Central-Northern Europe.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2023Article
- Effect Modifications of Overhead-View and Eye-Level Urban Greenery on Heat-Mortality Associations: Small-Area Analyses Using Case Time Series Design and Different Greenery Measurements.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Exploring vulnerability to heat and cold across urban and rural populations in Switzerland.Environmental research, health : ERH · 2023Article
- Modification of temperature-related human mortality by area-level socioeconomic and demographic characteristics in Latin American cities.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
- Geographic and socioeconomic differences in heat-related mortality among the Dutch population: a time series analysis.BMJ open · 2022Observational
- Nationwide Analysis of the Heat- and Cold-Related Mortality Trends in Switzerland between 1969 and 2017: The Role of Population Aging.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Modelling of Temperature-Attributable Mortality among the Elderly in Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal: A Contribution to Local Strategy for Effective Prevention Plans.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2021Article
- Exposure to indoor air pollution across socio-economic groups in high-income countries: A scoping review of the literature and a modelling methodology.Environment international · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveManagement of the natural and built environments can help reduce the health impacts of climate change. This is particularly relevant in large cities where urban heat island makes cities warmer than the surrounding areas. We investigate how urban vegetation, housing characteristics and socio-economic factors modify the association between heat exposure and mortality in a large urban area.
methodsWe linked 185,397 death records from the Greater London area during May-Sept 2007-2016 to a high resolution daily temperature dataset. We then applied conditional logistic regression within a case-crossover design to estimate the odds of death from heat exposure by individual (age, sex) and local area factors: land-use type, natural environment (vegetation index, tree cover, domestic garden), built environment (indoor temperature, housing type, lone occupancy) and socio-economic factors (deprivation, English language, level of employment and prevalence of ill-health).
resultsTemperatures were higher in neighbourhoods with lower levels of urban vegetation and with higher levels of income deprivation, social-rented housing, and non-native English speakers. Heat-related mortality increased with temperature increase (Odds Ratio (OR), 95% CI = 1.039, 1.036-1.043 per 1 °C temperature increase). Vegetation cover showed the greatest modification effect, for example the odds of heat-related mortality in quartiles with the highest and lowest tree cover were OR, 95%CI 1.033, 1.026-1.039 and 1.043, 1.037-1.050 respectively. None of the socio-economic variables were a significant modifier of heat-related mortality.
conclusionsWe demonstrate that urban vegetation can modify the mortality risk associated with heat exposure. These findings make an important contribution towards informing city-level climate change adaptation and mitigation policies.
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