ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2019
Incorporating B cell activating factor (BAFF) into the membrane of rabies virus (RABV) particles improves the speed and magnitude of vaccine-induced antibody responses.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- BAFF as a Key Modulator of Respiratory Mucosal B Cell Immunity in Viral Infection and Mucosal Vaccination.Cells · 2026Review
- Harnessing cytokines: innovative adjuvants for improved veterinary vaccine efficacy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Incorporation ofBiosafety and health · 2023Article
- GP38 as a vaccine target for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- A recombinant rabies virus chimera expressing the DC-targeting molecular MAB2560 shows enhanced vaccine immunogenicity through activation of dendritic cells.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Developments in Rabies Vaccines: The Path Traversed from Pasteur to the Modern Era of Immunization.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Review
- Early Life Vaccination of Companion Animal Pets.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Investigating the Interaction between Negative Strand RNA Viruses and Their Hosts for Enhanced Vaccine Development and Production.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Effects of B cell-activating factor on tumor immunity.JCI insight · 2020Article
- Update on lyssaviruses and rabies: will past progress play as prologue in the near term towards future elimination?Faculty reviews · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
B cell activating factor (BAFF) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily of cytokines that links innate with adaptive immunity. BAFF signals through receptors on B cells, making it an attractive molecule to potentiate vaccine-induced B cell responses. We hypothesized that a rabies virus (RABV)-based vaccine displaying both antigen and BAFF on the surface of the same virus particle would target antigen-specific B cells for activation and improve RABV-specific antibody responses. To test this hypothesis, we constructed a recombinant RABV-based vector expressing virus membrane-anchored murine BAFF (RABV-ED51-mBAFF). BAFF was incorporated into the RABV particle and determined to be biologically functional, as demonstrated by increased B cell survival of primary murine B cells treated ex-vivo with RABV-ED51-mBAFF. B cell survival was inhibited by pre-treating RABV-ED51-mBAFF with an antibody that blocks BAFF functions. RABV-ED51-mBAFF also activated primary murine B cells ex-vivo more effectively than RABV as shown by significant upregulation of CD69, CD40, and MHCII on the surface of infected B cells. In-vivo, RABV-ED51-mBAFF induced significantly faster and higher virus neutralizing antibody (VNA) titers than RABV while not adversely affecting the longevity of the vaccine-induced antibody response. Since BAFF was incorporated into the virus particle and genome replication was not required for BAFF expression in-vivo, we hypothesized that RABV-ED51-mBAFF would be effective as an inactivated vaccine. Mice immunized with 250 ng/mouse of β-propriolactone-inactivated RABV-ED51-mBAFF showed faster and higher anti-RABV VNA titers compared to mice immunized with inactivated RABV. Together, this model stands as a potential foundation for exploring other virus membrane-anchored molecular adjuvants to make safer, more effective inactivated RABV-based vaccines.
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