ArticleThe American journal of surgical pathology2020
Non-neoplastic Polyps of the Gallbladder: A Clinicopathologic Analysis of 447 Cases.
Article in The American journal of surgical pathology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gallbladder: A Multicenter Case Series and Systematic Literature Review Indicating Predominantly Non-Aggressive Tumor Behavior and a Common Association with Cholesterol Polyps and Cholesterolosis.Endocrine pathology · 2026Pooled it
- Construction of an XGBoost-SHAP-based malignant transformation risk prediction model for gallbladder polyps.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Differential diagnosis of gallbladder cholesterol polyps and adenomas using contrast-enhanced ultrasound-morphology and perfusion features.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Article
- Differentiation of Gallbladder Adenomyomatosis and Polyps in a Western Cohort: Prevalence, Ultrasound Characteristics, and Diagnostic Challenges.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Biliary microbiota and metabolic reprogramming in gallstone-associated gallbladder cancer: evidence from bile, stones, mucosa and tumor tissue.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Evaluating Multiple Input Strategies of Large Language Models for Gallbladder Polyps on Ultrasound: Comparative Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Article
- Hidden signals in the gallbladder: a clinicopathological deep dive into 148 polyps among 11,108 surgeries.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Article
- Clinicopathological Evaluation of Cholesterolosis in Cholecystitis: Histopathological Patterns and Metabolic Correlates.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Development and validation of a preoperative nomogram for predicting gallbladder adenoma.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Article
- A practical contrast-enhanced ultrasound risk prediction of gallbladder polyp: differentiation of adenoma from cholesterol polyp lesion.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Article
- Preliminary study on diagnosis of gallbladder neoplastic polyps based on contrast-enhanced ultrasound and grey scale ultrasound radiomics.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Lymphoid Hyperplasia of the Gallbladder Extending to the Bile Duct.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2023Article
- A Nomogram-based Model to Predict Neoplastic Risk for Patients with Gallbladder Polyps.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2022Article
- Lymphoid hyperplasia with a polyp form of the gallbladder macroscopically mimicking carcinoma.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Article
- Intracholecystic tubular non-mucinous neoplasm (ICTN) of the gallbladder: a clinicopathologically distinct, invasion-resistant entity.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2021Article
- Gallbladder polyps: evolving approach to the diagnosis and management.Yeungnam University journal of medicine · 2021Article
- Gallbladder polyps: Correlation of size and clinicopathologic characteristics based on updated definitions.PloS one · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 11 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
There is no systematic histopathologic analysis of non-neoplastic polyps in the gallbladder. In this study, in addition to a computer search for cases designated as "polyp," a systematic review of 2533 consecutive routinely sampled archival and 203 totally submitted prospective cholecystectomies were analyzed for >2 mm polyps (cut-off was based on radiologic sensitivity). A total of 447 non-neoplastic polyps were identified. The frequency was 3% in archival cases and 5% in totally submitted cases. Only 21 (5%) were ≥1 cm. The average age was 52 years, and the female to male ratio was 3.1. Two distinct categories were delineated: (1) injury-related polyps (n=273): (a) Fibro(myo)glandular polyps (n=214) were small (mean=0.4 cm), broad-based, often multiple (45%), almost always (98%) gallstone-associated, and were composed of a mixture of (myo)fibroblastic tissue/lobular glandular units with chronic cholecystitis. Dysplasia seen in 9% seemed to be secondary involvement. (b) Metaplastic pyloric glands forming polypoid collections (n=42). (c) Inflammatory-type polyps associated with acute/subacute injury (11 granulation tissue, 3 xanthogranulomatous, 3 lymphoid). (2) Cholesterol polyps (n=174) occurred in uninjured gallbladders, revealing a very thin stalk, edematous cores devoid of glands but with cholesterol-laden macrophages in 85%, and cholesterolosis in the uninvolved mucosa in 60%. Focal low-grade dysplasia was seen in 3%, always confined to the polyp, unaccompanied by carcinoma. In conclusion, non-neoplastic polyps are seen in 3% of cholecystectomies and are often small. Injury-related fibromyoglandular polyps are the most common. Cholesterol polyps have distinctive cauliflower architecture, often in a background of uninjured gallbladders with cholesterolosis and may lack the cholesterol-laden macrophages in the polyp itself. Although dysplastic changes can involve non-neoplastic polyps, they do not seem to be the cause of invasive carcinoma by themselves.
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