ArticleAIDS (London, England)2020
Regional brain volumetric changes despite 2 years of treatment initiated during acute HIV infection.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Review
- Portable Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Post-infection brain atrophy accelerates cognitive and molecular changes underlying dementia.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- HIV-1 viral protein effect on cerebral microvasculature: An in vitro blood-brain barrier model.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Determinants of Brain Atrophy in People Living with HIV: The Role of Lifestyle, Demographics, and Comorbidities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Reduction in Brain Parenchymal Volume Correlates with Depression and Cognitive Decline in HIV-Positive Males.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Dopamine-driven increase in IL-1β in myeloid cells is mediated by differential dopamine receptor expression and exacerbated by HIV.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Neuroimaging advances in neurocognitive disorders among HIV-infected individuals.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Decoding HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: a new perspective from multimodal connectomics.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Identifying methamphetamine use predictors in HIV infection: Immune-dopaminergic signatures in peripheral leukocytes and the role of COMT genotype.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Dynamics of peripheral T cell exhaustion and monocyte subpopulations in neurocognitive impairment and brain atrophy in chronic HIV infection.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- Proteomics identifies potential immunological drivers of postinfection brain atrophy and cognitive decline.Nature aging · 2024Article
- Additive Effect of Metabolic Syndrome on Brain Atrophy in People Living with HIV-Magnetic Resonance Volumetry Study.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Additive cortical gray matter deficits in people living with HIV who use cocaine.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- Effect of coinfections on neurocognitive functioning among people with clade C HIV infection in Zambia.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- Neuroimaging and immunological features of neurocognitive function related to substance use in people with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- Cognitive Phenotypes of HIV Defined Using a Novel Data-driven Approach.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2022Article
- Altered gray matter structural covariance networks in drug-naïve and treated early HIV-infected individuals.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- MR spectroscopy and diffusion imaging in people with human immunodeficiency virus: Relationships to clinical and immunologic findings.Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess changes in regional brain volumes after 24 months among individuals who initiated combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) within weeks of HIV exposure.
designProspective cohort study of Thai participants in the earliest stages of HIV-1infection.
methodsThirty-four acutely HIV-infected individuals (AHI; Fiebig I-V) underwent brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR spectroscopy at 1.5 T and immediately initiated cART. Imaging was repeated at 24 months. Regional brain volumes were quantified using FreeSurfer's longitudinal pipeline. Voxel-wise analyses using tensor-based morphometry (TBM) were conducted to verify regional assessments. Baseline brain metabolite levels, blood and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers assessed by ELISA, and peripheral blood monocyte phenotypes measured by flow cytometry were examined as predictors of significant volumetric change.
resultsParticipants were 31 ± 8 years old. The estimated mean duration of infection at cART initiation was 15 days. Longitudinal analyses revealed reductions in volumes of putamen (P < 0.001) and caudate (P = 0.006). TBM confirmed significant atrophy in the putamen and caudate, and also in thalamic and hippocampal regions. In exploratory post-hoc analyses, higher baseline frequency of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1)-expressing total monocytes correlated with greater caudate volumetric decrease (ρ = 0.67, P = 0.017), whereas the baseline density of PSGL-1-expressing inflammatory (CD14CD16) monocytes correlated with putamen atrophy (ρ = 0.65, P = 0.022).
conclusionSuppressive cART initiated during AHI may not prevent brain atrophy. Volumetric decrease appears greater than expected age-related decline, although examination of longitudinal change in demographically similar HIV-uninfected Thai individuals is needed. Mechanisms underlying progressive HIV-related atrophy may include early activation and enhanced adhesive and migratory capacity of circulating monocyte populations.
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