Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31723725›Full record

ArticleCurrent developments in nutrition2019

Accuracy and Reliability of Infrared Analyzers for Measuring Human Milk Macronutrients in a Milk Bank Setting.

Maryanne T Perrin, Jannette Festival, Shaina Starks, Lesley Mondeaux, Elizabeth A Brownell, Amy Vickers

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current developments in nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Macronutrient concentrations in human milk beyond the first half year of lactation: a cohort study.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2025
    Article
  8. Deciphering macronutrient information about human milk.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. The need to study human milk as a biological system.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021
    Article
  15. A comparison of macronutrient-based methods for deriving energy values in human milk.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Maryanne T PerrinDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1645-8310
Jannette FestivalNorthernStar Mothers Milk Bank, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Shaina StarksMothers' Milk Bank of North Texas, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Lesley MondeauxNorthwest Mothers Milk Bank, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8544-6885
Elizabeth A BrownellConnecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford CT, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4081-1409
Amy VickersMothers' Milk Bank of North Texas, Fort Worth, TX, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfrared (IR) analysis is an emerging technology that may be a useful tool for milk banks to manage the nutrient variability in donor human milk.

objectiveTo evaluate the accuracy, reliability, and comparability of commercial infrared analyzers for measuring human milk macronutrients in a milk bank setting.

methodsThree nonprofit milk banks received blinded test kits of human milk that had been assessed using reference methods. Four infrared instruments were used to measure macronutrients as follows: 1 filtered mid-IR, 2 Fourier-transformed full-spectra mid-IR, and 1 near-IR. Twenty-five unique samples were read concurrently for the accuracy arm. An identical sample was read daily for 1 mo for the reliability arm.

resultsValues for

conclusionsInfrared analysis is an accurate and reliable method for measuring crude protein and total fat in a milk bank setting. Carbohydrate measurements are less accurate and are significantly different between instruments, which will likely lead to differences in derived calorie values.

Indexed as

donor milkhuman milkinfraredmacronutrientsmilk bank

Identifiers

PMID31723725
PMCPMC6838652

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.