ArticleScientific reports2019
Temporal stability of fMRI in medetomidine-anesthetized rats.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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29 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
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- High-dose medetomidine increases functional connectivity in the fear-related regions after electrical stimulation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- fMRI data acquisition and analysis for task-free, anesthetized rats.Nature protocols · 2025Review
- Activation mapping in multi-center retrospective rat sensory-evoked functional MRI datasets using a unified pipeline.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Acetaminophen affects the duration but not the occurrence of BOLD signal decline in the dorsal hippocampus after induction of neuronal afterdischarges.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
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- Auditory brainstem responses are resistant to pharmacological modulation in Sprague Dawley wild-type and Neurexin1α knockout rats.BMC neuroscience · 2024Article
- Mapping functional traces of opioid memories in the rat brain.Brain communications · 2024Article
- An anesthetic protocol for preserving functional network structure in the marmoset monkey brain.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Optogenetic stimulation of anterior insular cortex neurons in male rats reveals causal mechanisms underlying suppression of the default mode network by the salience network.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The impact of vasomotion on analysis of rodent fMRI data.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- The Role of fMRI in Drug Development: An Update.Advances in neurobiology · 2023Article
- Functional ultrasound detects frequency-specific acute and delayed S-ketamine effects in the healthy mouse brain.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Effects of Anesthesia on Cerebral Blood Flow and Functional Connectivity of Nonhuman Primates.Veterinary sciences · 2022Review
- Spatial signatures of anesthesia-induced burst-suppression differ between primates and rodents.eLife · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Medetomidine has become a popular choice for anesthetizing rats during long-lasting sessions of blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Despite this, it has not yet been thoroughly established how commonly reported fMRI readouts evolve over several hours of medetomidine anesthesia and how they are affected by the precise timing, dose, and route of administration. We used four different protocols of medetomidine administration to anesthetize rats for up to six hours and repeatedly evaluated somatosensory stimulus-evoked BOLD responses and resting state functional connectivity. We found that the temporal evolution of fMRI readouts strongly depended on the method of administration. Intravenous administration of a medetomidine bolus (0.05 mg/kg), combined with a subsequent continuous infusion (0.1 mg/kg/h), led to temporally stable measures of stimulus-evoked activity and functional connectivity throughout the anesthesia. Deviating from the above protocol-by omitting the bolus, lowering the medetomidine dose, or using the subcutaneous route-compromised the stability of these measures in the initial two-hour period. We conclude that both an appropriate protocol of medetomidine administration and a suitable timing of fMRI experiments are crucial for obtaining consistent results. These factors should be considered for the design and interpretation of future rat fMRI studies.
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