ArticleCureus2019
The Association between Body Mass Index and Vitamin D Supplement Use among Adults in the United States.
Article in Cureus, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protein, Calcium, Vitamin D Intake and 25(OH)D Status in Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- The association of early pregnancy vitamin D and BMI status with composite adverse pregnancy outcomes: an ancillary analysis of the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Trial
- Vitamin D Status in Polish Military Personnel: Associations with Supplementation, Seasonality, and the GC rs2282679 Polymorphism.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Vitamin D status in Faroese adults and its association with inflammatory bowel diseases - a cross-sectional study from the FarGen 2 project.International journal of circumpolar health · 2025Article
- IL-34 as a Novel Mediator Linking Vitamin D Deficiency with Osteoporosis and Knee Osteoarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Vitamin D Status and Dyslipidaemia Among Obese Individuals in Ibadan, Nigeria: A Pilot Study.Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies · 2025Article
- Correction of Vitamin D Deficiency Improves PTSD Symptoms in Gulf War Veterans.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Vitamin D sufficiency and its relationship with muscle health across the menopausal transition and aging: Finnish cohorts of middle-aged women and older women and men.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Vitamin D testing in pharmacies: Results of a federal screening campaign.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2025Article
- The Sunshine Paradox: Unraveling Risk Factors for Low Vitamin D Status Among Non-Pregnant Women in Lebanon.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Multicentric Italian case-control study on 25OH vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with Prader-Willi syndrome.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Article
- Supplementation of hyaluronic acid injections with vitamin D improve knee function by attenuating synovial fluid oxidative stress in osteoarthritis patients with vitamin D insufficiency.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Low serum levels of zinc and 25-hydroxyvitmain D as potential risk factors for COVID-19 susceptibility: a pilot case-control study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Article
- Association of Smoking with the Blood Concentration of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Testosterone at High and Low Altitudes.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with hematological profile and anthropometry in patients with glioma.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2022Article
- A Novel Biosensor and Algorithm to Predict Vitamin D Status by Measuring Skin Impedance.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Clinical significance of vitamin D in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.Acta neurochirurgica · 2021Article
- Article
- Food-based strategies for prevention of vitamin D deficiency as informed by vitamin D dietary guidelines, and consideration of minimal-risk UVB radiation exposure in future guidelines.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background Obesity has been consistently associated with lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. BMI status also has a major impact on 25(OH)D levels among vitamin D supplement users. In our cross-sectional study, we aimed to discuss the prevalence of vitamin D supplement use and its effect on 25(OH)D levels according to BMI status among US adults. Methods The present analysis was based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2011-2012 through 2013-2014. The prevalence of vitamin D supplement use according to BMI status among subjects aged 20 years and older by selected characteristics was analyzed. Logistic regression models were assembled to examine the independent association of BMI status and vitamin D supplement use. Similarly, general linear models were used to assess the effect of daily vitamin D supplementation doses (<400 IU, 400-800 IU, and >800 IU) on 25(OH)D concentrations according to BMI status. Results Of 10,076 participants with a mean age of 47.2 [standard error (SE): 0.4] years, 57.5% (SE: 1.7) of normal-weight and 63.5% (SE: 0.9) of obese subjects reported not taking vitamin D supplements over the previous 30 days. After adjustment for potential confounders, obese subjects were 1.3 times more likely to be nonusers of vitamin D supplements and were 24% less likely to take vitamin D supplements ≥400 IU/day compared with their normal-weight counterparts. In addition, significant differences in mean 25(OH)D levels of vitamin D supplementation doses were consistently seen across BMI categories. Indeed, obese and overweight participants taking >800 IU/day of vitamin D supplements had 15.5 and 8.1 nmol/L lower mean concentrations of 25(OH)D than their normal-weight counterparts on average, respectively. Conclusion Obese subjects had a lower prevalence of vitamin D supplement use compared with their normal-weight counterparts. This nutritional disparity may also contribute to low 25(OH)D concentrations seen in obesity. However, a daily vitamin D supplement intake between 400 IU and 800 IU appears to be adequate among obese subjects to achieve optimal 25(OH) levels.
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