Chemoprotection Across the Tumor Border: Cancer Cell Response to Doxorubicin Depends on Stromal Fibroblast Ratios and Interstitial Therapeutic Transport.

introductionIncreasing evidence suggests that the tumor microenvironment reduces therapeutic delivery and may lead to chemotherapeutic resistance. At tumor borders, drug is convectively transported across a unique microenvironment composed of inverse gradients of stromal and tumor cells. These regions are particularly important to overall survival, as they are often missed through surgical intervention and contain many invading cells, often responsible for metastatic spread. An understanding of how cells in this tumor-border region respond to chemotherapy could begin to elucidate the role of transport and intercellular interactions in relation to chemoresistance. Here we examine the contribution of drug transport and stromal fibroblasts to breast cancer response to doxorubicin using

methods2D culture systems were utilized to determine the effects of modulated ratios of fibroblasts and cancer cells on overall cancer cell viability. A homogenous breast mimetic

resultsIn general, the addition of fibroblasts increased viability of cancer cells exposed to doxorubicin, indicating a protective effect of co-culture. More specifically, however, modulating ratios of cancer cells (MDA-MB-231):fibroblasts in 2D co-cultures, to mimic the tumor-stroma transition, resulted in a linear decrease in cancer cell viability from 77% (4:1) to 44% (1:4). Similar trends were seen in the breast-mimetic

conclusionTogether, our data indicate that fibroblasts are chemoprotective at lower density, resulting in less tumor death in regions of higher chemotherapy concentration. Additionally, chemotherapeutic agent transport properties can modulate this effect.