ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
The effect of temperature on childhood hand, foot and mouth disease in Guangdong Province, China, 2010-2013: a multicity study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of High and Low Ambient Temperature on Infant Health: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The effect of daily mean temperature on hand, foot and mouth disease and the source of regional heterogeneity in Chongqing, China, 2010-2019.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of ambient temperature on influenza-like illness: A multicity analysis in Shandong Province, China, 2014-2017.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Association of Short-Term Exposure to Meteorological Factors and Risk of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Epidemiological Characteristics of Coxsackievirus A6 in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China, 2023-2024.Viruses · 2026Article
- Short-term effects of meteorological factors on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Zhengzhou, China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Seasonal and Meteorological Drivers of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Outbreaks Using Data-Driven Machine Learning Models.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and the relationship with meteorological factors in Jiangsu Province, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Quantifying the temporal trends of the combined effect of temperature and relative humidity on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Yunnan, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Non-linear association between daily mean temperature and children's hand foot and mouth disease in Chongqing, China.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- City-level meteorological conditions modify the relationships between exposure to multiple air pollutants and the risk of pediatric hand, foot, and mouth disease in the Sichuan Basin, China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- [Epidemiological Characteristics of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease and the Effect of EV71 Vaccination in Chengdu from 2012 to 2020].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2022Article
- Article
- Relationship between meteorological factors, air pollutants and hand, foot and mouth disease from 2014 to 2020.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Air pollution increased risk of reproductive system diseases: a 5-year outcome analysis of different pollutants in different seasons, ages, and genders.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Is Cold Apparent Temperature Associated With the Hospitalizations for Osteoporotic Fractures in the Central Areas of Wuhan? A Time-Series Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Association between Meteorological Parameters and Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Mainland China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2021Review
- Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Its Response to Climate Factors in the Ili River Valley Region of China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Spatial-temporal heterogeneity and meteorological factors of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Xinjiang, China from 2008 to 2016.PloS one · 2021Article
- Association between platelet count and the risk and progression of hand, foot, and mouth disease among children.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a serious infectious disease, which has become a public health problem. Previous studies have shown that temperature may influence the incidence of HFMD, but most only focus on single city and the results are highly heterogeneous. Therefore, a multicity study was conducted to explore the association between temperature and HFMD in different cities and search for modifiers that influence the heterogeneity.
methodsWe collected daily cases of childhood HFMD (aged 0-5 years) and meteorological factors of 21 cities in Guangdong Province in the period of 2010-2013. Distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) with quasi-Poisson was adopted to quantify the effects of temperature on HFMD in 21 cities. Then the effects of each city were pooled by multivariate meta-analysis to obtain the heterogeneity among 21 cities. Potential city-level factors were included in meta-regression to explore effect modifiers.
resultsA total of 1,048,574 childhood cases were included in this study. There was a great correlation between daily childhood HFMD cases and temperature in each city, which was non-linear and lagged. High heterogeneity was showed in the associations between temperature and HFMD in 21 cities. The pooled temperature-HFMD association was peaking at the 79th percentile of temperature with relative risk (RR) of 2.474(95% CI: 2.065-2.965) as compared to the median temperature. Latitude was the main modifier for reducing the heterogeneity to 69.28% revealed by meta-analysis.
conclusionsThere was a strong non-linear and lagged correlation between temperature and HFMD. Latitude was strongly associated with the relationship between temperature and HFMD. Meanwhile, it had an effect on modifying the relationship. These findings can conducive to local governments developing corresponding preventive measures.
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