ArticleEuropean heart journal2020
Short-term e-cigarette vapour exposure causes vascular oxidative stress and dysfunction: evidence for a close connection to brain damage and a key role of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase (NOX-2).
Article in European heart journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clinical testing of the cardiovascular effects of e-cigarette substitution for smoking: a living systematic review.Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Electronic Cigarette Use and Blood Pressure Endpoints: a Systematic Review.Current hypertension reports · 2020Pooled it
- Sub-acute dihydroxyacetone exposure alters mitochondria and induces cardiac strain.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Beyond Combustion: Oxidative Stress as a Shared Pathway of Harm Across Conventional Cigarettes, Heated Tobacco Products, E-Cigarettes, and Waterpipe Smoking.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nicotine-containing products and the cardiovascular system: mechanisms and global health implications.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- E-cigarette Aerosol Containing Nicotine Increases Aortic Stiffness in Young Mice.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- E-cigarettes and erectile dysfunction: biological mechanisms and research challenges.International journal of impotence research · 2026Review
- To Vape or Not to Vape: Oral Health in the Age of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems.International dental journal · 2026Review
- Emerging multisystem disease mechanisms of e-cigarette vaping on human health.Toxicology reports · 2026Review
- Spatial and cellular composition of lung fibrosis induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Molecular Health Effects of Electronic Cigarettes.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Exposure to Vape Products Elicits Neural Activity Patterns Indicative of Approach Motivation Among Young People.Addiction biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Research progress on the mechanism of FOXO protein in sepsis.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors and Statins Mitigate Negative Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Effects of Particulate Matter in a Mouse Exposure Model.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nicotine and the cardiovascular system: unmasking a global public health threat.European heart journal · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics identifies altered neutrophil dynamics and accentuated T-cell cytotoxicity in tobacco flavored e-cigarette exposed mouse lungs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Nicotine influence on cerebrovascular and neurocognitive function with in utero electronic cigarette exposure.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Exploring the Impact of E-cigarettes on Cardiovascular Health: Insights from Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Review
- Chronic Pod-Mod E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposure Induces Aortic Dysfunction in Hypercholesterolemic Mice: Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsElectronic (e)-cigarettes have been marketed as a 'healthy' alternative to traditional combustible cigarettes and as an effective method of smoking cessation. There are, however, a paucity of data to support these claims. In fact, e-cigarettes are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the vasculature and the lungs. The mechanisms underlying these side effects remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of e-cigarette vapour on vascular function in smokers and experimental animals to determine the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND
resultsAcute e-cigarette smoking produced a marked impairment of endothelial function in chronic smokers determined by flow-mediated dilation. In mice, e-cigarette vapour without nicotine had more detrimental effects on endothelial function, markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid peroxidation than vapour containing nicotine. These effects of e-cigarette vapour were largely absent in mice lacking phagocytic NADPH oxidase (NOX-2) or upon treatment with the endothelin receptor blocker macitentan or the FOXO3 activator bepridil. We also established that the e-cigarette product acrolein, a reactive aldehyde, recapitulated many of the NOX-2-dependent effects of e-cigarette vapour using in vitro blood vessel incubation.
conclusionsE-cigarette vapour exposure increases vascular, cerebral, and pulmonary oxidative stress via a NOX-2-dependent mechanism. Our study identifies the toxic aldehyde acrolein as a key mediator of the observed adverse vascular consequences. Thus, e-cigarettes have the potential to induce marked adverse cardiovascular, pulmonary, and cerebrovascular consequences. Since e-cigarette use is increasing, particularly amongst youth, our data suggest that aggressive steps are warranted to limit their health risks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.