ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2019
A longitudinal examination of daily patterns of cannabis and alcohol co-use among medicinal and recreational veteran cannabis users.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Warning label messages about the cancer risk associated with alcohol: Effects of causal language.Addictive behaviors · 2025Trial
- Effects of cannabis use on alcohol consumption in a sample of treatment-engaged heavy drinkers in Colorado.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Trial
- Momentary cannabis effects on alcohol use among adults trying to quit or cut back on drinking.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2026Article
- Cannabis administration is associated with reduced alcohol consumption: Evidence from a novel laboratory co-administration paradigm.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Does cannabis substitute or complement alcohol after recreational cannabis legalization in the Washington State? A three-level mixed-effects modeling.Addictive behaviors · 2025Article
- Is there a relationship between abuse of alcohol and illicit drugs seen in hair results?Drug testing and analysis · 2025Article
- Simultaneous use of alcohol, cannabis, and energy drinks predicts increased daily alcohol consumption and alcohol consequences.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Within-episode relations among simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use and continued drinking: The role of momentary subjective responses, craving, and drinking context.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
- Event-level risk for negative alcohol consequences in emerging adults: The role of affect, motivation, and context.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2024Article
- Experiencing violence and other predictors of within-person same-day use of multiple substances in youth: a longitudinal study in emergency settings.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2024Article
- Are you thinking what I'm thinking? Defining what we mean by "polysubstance use."The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2024Article
- Do Subjective Effects from Alcohol and Cannabis Predict Simultaneous Use During a Decision-Making Task?Substance use & misuse · 2024Article
- Subjective effects of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis versus alcohol-only use: A qualitative analysis.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2023Article
- Dynamic relations among simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use, subjective responses, and problem drinking during naturally occurring drinking episodes.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Differences in cannabis use characteristics, routines, and reasons for use among individuals with and without a medical cannabis card.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- The anticipated effects of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use: Initial development and preliminary validation.Psychological assessment · 2022Article
- Maturing out of alcohol and cannabis co-use: A test of patterns and personality predictors.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- Longitudinal course of mental health symptoms among veterans with and without cannabis use disorder.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2022Article
- The Synaptic Interactions of Alcohol and the Endogenous Cannabinoid System.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2022Review
- Patterns of Cannabis and Alcohol Co-Use: Substitution Versus Complementary Effects.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrompted by the ongoing debate regarding whether cannabis serves as a complement to or substitute for alcohol, this study uses prospective data to examine daily associations between medicinal versus recreational cannabis and alcohol use in veterans.
methodsThree semi-annual waves of Timeline Followback Interview data were collected from a sample of veterans who reported co-using alcohol and cannabis on at least one day (N = 115; 56% medicinal users; 93% male; 62,100 observations). Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the association between daily cannabis use and number of drinks consumed across time for both medicinal and recreational users and to examine the frequency medicinal cannabis used to substitute for alcohol.
resultsCompared to medicinal users, recreational users were more likely to drink more on cannabis use days relative to non-use days. Among medicinal users, those endorsing more frequent use of cannabis as a substitute for alcohol reported fewer number of drinks consumed on days when cannabis was used relative to non-use days.
conclusionsAmong veterans, recreational users are at greater risk for increased drinking when co-using cannabis at the daily level, an association that is stable over time. Medicinal users may be at lower risk for increased drinking on days when cannabis is also used, especially those who endorse using cannabis to substitute for alcohol. Findings help clarify the debate on cannabis-alcohol substitution or complementary associations in a sample of veterans and suggests that alcohol interventions should address cannabis use as a risk factor, especially for recreational users.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.