ArticleJournal of anatomy2020
Bone foramen dimensions and blood flow calculation: best practices.
Article in Journal of anatomy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative paleophysiology of the metriorhynchoid Pelagosaurus typus (Pseudosuchia, Thalattosuchia).Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2025Article
- New evidence from high-resolution computed microtomography of Triassic stem-mammal skulls from South America enhances discussions on turbinates before the origin of Mammaliaformes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Whole-body endothermy: ancient, homologous and widespread among the ancestors of mammals, birds and crocodylians.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2022Article
- Morphology of the nutrient artery and its foramen in relation to femoral bone perfusion rates of laying and non-laying hens.Journal of anatomy · 2022Article
- Regional femoral bone blood flow rates in laying and non-laying chickens estimated with fluorescent microspheres.The Journal of experimental biology · 2021Article
- Article
- Cerebral blood flow rates in recent great apes are greater than inProceedings. Biological sciences · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Some blood vessels enter bones through foramina, leaving the size of the foramen as a gauge for estimating the rate of blood flow and hence the metabolic rate of the supplied tissues. Foramen dimensions have been measured using varied methods in previous foramen studies, to relate regional blood flows with associated physiological processes. With the increasing interests in this 'foramen technique', standard methods with minimized measurement errors are therefore required. This study provides details of microphotographic and micro-computerized tomographic methods, and introduces a new alternative method, which uses impression material to measure foramen dimensions. The three methods are compared and the results indicate that all of them are capable of obtaining precise and accurate foramen dimension values, although they all have limitations. A microphotograph of the external opening is suggested to be the standard method because of its ease of use, but the alternative methods provide more detailed information on foramen shape. If the foramen is mainly occupied by one artery, blood flow rates can be calculated from foramen size and artery wall-lumen ratio, which is evaluated from the literature survey in this study. If veins or nerves also penetrate the foramen, a relative index of blood flow rate is nevertheless possible for comparative purposes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.