ReviewTranslational psychiatry2019
The rising crisis of illicit fentanyl use, overdose, and potential therapeutic strategies.
Review in Translational psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 233 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiome dynamics in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis decoding the role of gut dysbiosis and potential dietary interventions.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Risk Management in First Aid for Acute Drug Intoxication.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Who Were First Introduced to Opioids by Prescription: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Opioid consumption frequency and its associations with potential life problems during opioid agonist treatment in individuals with prescription-type opioid use disorder: exploratory results from the OPTIMA Study.Harm reduction journal · 2025Trial
- Communities That HEAL Intervention and Mortality Including Polysubstance Overdose Deaths: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Efficacy and safety of fentanyl inhalant for the treatment of breakthrough cancer pain: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.BMC palliative care · 2024Trial
- Multi-Center Evaluation of Opioid Administration or Prescription in Pediatric Oncology Patients Using the OMOP CDM.Cancer medicine · 2026Observational
- GABAergic neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray mediate fentanyl withdrawal and self-administration in mice.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Transcriptional Response to Chronic Long-Access Fentanyl Self-Administration in Rat Habenula and Amygdala.Addiction biology · 2026Article
- Self-reported cannabis use to manage opioid withdrawal symptoms and reductions in opioid use among people who use unregulated opioids: a cross-sectional analysis.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Reframing Buprenorphine as a Pharmacologic Modifier of Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression in the Fentanyl Era.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Opioid-Induced Nodding-Not a Nice Nap.Acta scientific neurology · 2026Article
- Morbidity, mortality, and health outcomes following emergency department visits for fentanyl-related overdoses: A retrospective cohort study.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Drug checking services: barriers and facilitators to implementation by U.S. syringe services programs.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Clinical genetic variation across Hispanic populations in the Mexican Biobank.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the Pain-Relieving Potential: Unveiling Antinociceptive Properties in Animal Venoms and Toxins.Toxins · 2026Review
- Review
- Transcriptional response to chronic long-access fentanyl self-administration in rat habenula and amygdala.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A Novel and Validated GC-MS/MS Method for the Detection of Four Opioids and Seven Fentanoids in Oral Fluid for Forensic Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Willingness to use fentanyl test strips among street drug users in Puerto Rico: a cross-sectional study.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fentanyl is a powerful opioid anesthetic and analgesic, the use of which has caused an increasing public health threat in the United States and elsewhere. Fentanyl was initially approved and used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, especially cancer pain. However, recent years have seen a growing concern that fentanyl and its analogs are widely synthesized in laboratories and adulterated with illicit supplies of heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, and counterfeit pills, contributing to the exponential growth in the number of drug-related overdose deaths. This review summarizes the recent epidemic and evolution of illicit fentanyl use, its pharmacological mechanisms and side effects, and the potential clinical management and prevention of fentanyl-related overdoses. Because social, economic, and health problems that are related to the use of fentanyl and its analogs are growing, there is an urgent need to implement large-scale safe and effective harm reduction strategies to prevent fentanyl-related overdoses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.