ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Long-term in vivo microscopy of CAR T cell dynamics during eradication of CNS lymphoma in mice.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of chimeric antigen receptor T-cells treatment in central nervous system lymphoma: a PRISMA-compliant single-arm meta-analysis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Pooled it
- Cell and tissue engineering in lymph nodes for cancer immunotherapy.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Cellular Immunotherapies for Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Advances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in CAR-T therapy for central nervous system lymphoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of tumor-CAR T-cell interaction following local administration in solid cancers.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Establishment and molecular characterisation of patient-derived organoids for primary central nervous system lymphoma.Leukemia · 2025Article
- IL-7-mediated expansion of autologous lymphocytes increases CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Recent advances in non-invasiveBiomaterials science · 2025Review
- Intravital Imaging of Immune Responses in the Cancer Microenvironment.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Strategies for Altering Delivery Technologies to Optimize CAR Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Emerging insights into intravital imaging, unraveling its role in cancer immunotherapy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Review
- PD-1 blockade does not improve efficacy of EpCAM-directed CAR T-cell in lung cancer brain metastasis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Innovative optical imaging strategies for monitoring immunotherapy in the tumor microenvironments.Cancer medicine · 2024Review
- Advanced strategies in improving the immunotherapeutic effect of CAR-T cell therapy.Molecular oncology · 2024Review
- Identification of a clinically efficacious CAR T cell subset in diffuse large B cell lymphoma by dynamic multidimensional single-cell profiling.Nature cancer · 2024Article
- Current challenges and therapeutic advances of CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Applications of Intravital Imaging in Cancer Immunotherapy.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Rationally designed approaches to augment CAR-T therapy for solid tumor treatment.Bioactive materials · 2024Article
- Treatment of secondary CNS lymphoma using CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Diving head-first into brain intravital microscopy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T cells expressing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) demonstrate impressive efficacy in the treatment of systemic B cell malignancies, including B cell lymphoma. However, their effect on primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is unknown. Additionally, the detailed cellular dynamics of CAR T cells during their antitumor reaction remain unclear, including their intratumoral infiltration depth, mobility, and persistence. Studying these processes in detail requires repeated intravital imaging of precisely defined tumor regions during weeks of tumor growth and regression. Here, we have combined a model of PCNSL with in vivo intracerebral 2-photon microscopy. Thereby, we were able to visualize intracranial PCNSL growth and therapeutic effects of CAR T cells longitudinally in the same animal over several weeks. Intravenous (i.v.) injection resulted in poor tumor infiltration of anti-CD19 CAR T cells and could not sufficiently control tumor growth. After intracerebral injection, however, anti-CD19 CAR T cells invaded deeply into the solid tumor, reduced tumor growth, and induced regression of PCNSL, which was associated with long-term survival. Intracerebral anti-CD19 CAR T cells entered the circulation and infiltrated distant, nondraining lymph nodes more efficiently than mock CAR T cells. After complete regression of tumors, anti-CD19 CAR T cells remained detectable intracranially and intravascularly for up to 159 d. Collectively, these results demonstrate the great potential of anti-CD19 CAR T cells for the treatment of PCNSL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.