ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2020
Receipt of opioid agonist treatment halves the risk of HIV-1 RNA viral load rebound through improved ART adherence for HIV-infected women who use illicit drugs.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Week 96 Results of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide for HIV Treatment in People With Substance Use Disorders.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Antiretroviral utilization and adherence before vs. after expansion of a provincial drug insurance policy.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with HIV viral rebound in individuals on ART: A systematic review study.Journal of public health in Africa · 2025Review
- HIV status and substance use disorder treatment need and utilization among adults in the United States, 2015-2019: Implications for healthcare service provision and integration.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- Considerations when prescribing opioid agonist therapies for people living with HIV.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2024Review
- Overamped: Stimulant Use and HIV Pathogenesis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Integrating long-acting injectable treatment to improve medication adherence among persons living with HIV and opioid use disorder: study protocol.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2023Article
- Past-year medical and non-medical opioid use by HIV status in a nationally representative US sample: Implications for HIV and substance use service integration.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Patients With HIV-1 Infection and Ongoing Substance Use Disorder: The BASE Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Factors associated with viral suppression and rebound among adult HIV patients on treatment: a retrospective study in Ghana.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Review
- Impact of intensity of behavioral treatment, with or without medication treatment, for opioid use disorder on HIV outcomes in persons with HIV.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Article
- HIV-1 and drug abuse comorbidity: Lessons learned from the animal models of NeuroHIV.Neuroscience letters · 2021Review
- Opioid and neuroHIV Comorbidity - Current and Future Perspectives.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Challenges for Women Entering Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder.Current psychiatry reports · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWomen living with HIV who use illicit drugs may be particularly vulnerable to HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) rebound.
methodsWe used longitudinal data from 2006 to 2017 to evaluate the impact of sociodemographic, behavioral, social-structural, and clinical factors on the hazard of viral rebound for women enrolled in the ACCESS study, a prospective cohort with systematic VL monitoring. Women were included if they achieved VL suppression (<50 copies/mL) following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and had more than one study interview. Sociodemographic as well as substance use, social-structural, addiction treatment, and HIV clinical factors were evaluated as predictors of viral rebound (VL > 1000 copies/mL). Cox regressions using a recurrent events framework, time-varying covariates, robust standard errors, and a frailty component were used.
resultsOf the 185 women included, 62 (34%) experienced at least one viral rebound event over an 11-year period, accumulating a total of 87 viral rebound events. In adjusted analysis, stimulant use more than doubled the hazard of viral rebound (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 2.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-5.14) while the only factor protective against viral rebound was receipt of opioid agonist treatment (OAT) in the past six months (AHR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.26-0.81). After adjusting for ART adherence in the past six months, the effect of OAT was attenuated (AHR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.32-1.02).
conclusionsEfforts to improve access to and retention within OAT programs and decrease stimulant use may improve rates of viral suppression for HIV-positive women who use illicit drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.